【转】spring 事务

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。
    总结如下：
    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。
    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
具体如下图：


  根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：
    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="userDao"   
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">   
           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />      
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />   
         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" /> 
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> 
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean>   
</beans> 
第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="transactionBase"   
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"   
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">   
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->   
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean>     
    
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >   
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />    
    </bean> 
</beans> 

第三种方式：使用拦截器
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean>  
    
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"   
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">   
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />   
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->   
        <property name="transactionAttributes">   
            <props>   
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
            </props>   
        </property>   
    </bean> 
       
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">   
        <property name="beanNames">   
            <list>   
                <value>*Dao</value> 
            </list>   
        </property>   
        <property name="interceptorNames">   
            <list>   
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>   
            </list>   
        </property>   
    </bean>   
   
    <!-- 配置DAO --> 
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
</beans> 

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <context:annotation-config /> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
 
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> 
        <tx:attributes> 
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" /> 
        </tx:attributes> 
    </tx:advice> 
     
    <aop:config> 
        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts" 
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" /> 
        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" 
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />         
    </aop:config>       
</beans> 

第五种方式：全注解
Xml代码  收藏代码
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd 
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> 
 
    <context:annotation-config /> 
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" /> 
 
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/> 
 
    <bean id="sessionFactory"   
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />   
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" /> 
    </bean>   
 
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->   
    <bean id="transactionManager" 
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /> 
    </bean> 
     
</beans> 

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下
Java代码  收藏代码
package com.bluesky.spring.dao; 
 
import java.util.List; 
 
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; 
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
 
import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User; 
 
@Transactional 
@Component("userDao") 
public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao { 
 
    public List<User> listUsers() { 
        return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list(); 
    } 
     
     
} 

转自： http://lzh166.iteye.com/blog/1134146