spring五种事务配置方式（转）

 Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。 

         DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。
         如图：

 根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

 第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <bean id="sessionFactory"       
2.            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">       
3.        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />       
4.        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     
5.    </bean>       
6.     
7.    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       
8.    <bean id="transactionManager"    
9.        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     
10.        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
11.    </bean>     
12.         
13.    <!-- 配置DAO -->     
14.    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">     
15.        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
16.    </bean>     
17.         
18.    <bean id="userDao"       
19.        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">       
20.           <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->       
21.           <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />          
22.        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />       
23.         <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />     
24.        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->       
25.        <property name="transactionAttributes">       
26.            <props>       
27.                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>     
28.            </props>       
29.        </property>       
30.    </bean>       
31. lt;/beans>    

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
   </bean>     
  
   <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
   <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
      
   <!-- 配置DAO -->   
   <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
      
   <bean id="userDao"     
       class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">     
          <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->     
          <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />        
       <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />     
        <property name="proxyInterfaces" value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />   
       <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
       <property name="transactionAttributes">     
           <props>     
               <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
           </props>     
       </property>     
   </bean>     
lt;/beans>  

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <bean id="sessionFactory"       
2.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">       
3.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />       
4.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     
5.     </bean>       
6.     
7.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       
8.     <bean id="transactionManager"    
9.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     
10.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
11.     </bean>     
12.          
13.     <bean id="transactionBase"       
14.             class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"       
15.             lazy-init="true" abstract="true">       
16.         <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->       
17.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />       
18.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->       
19.         <property name="transactionAttributes">       
20.             <props>       
21.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>       
22.             </props>       
23.         </property>       
24.     </bean>         
25.         
26.     <!-- 配置DAO -->     
27.     <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">     
28.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
29.     </bean>     
30.          
31.     <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >       
32.         <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />        
33.     </bean>     
34. </beans>    

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
    <bean id="transactionBase"     
            class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"     
            lazy-init="true" abstract="true">     
        <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->     
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />     
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
        <property name="transactionAttributes">     
            <props>     
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>     
            </props>     
        </property>     
    </bean>       
      
    <!-- 配置DAO -->   
    <bean id="userDaoTarget" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
    <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionBase" >     
        <property name="target" ref="userDaoTarget" />      
    </bean>   
</beans>  

第三种：使用拦截器

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <bean id="sessionFactory"       
2.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">       
3.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />       
4.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     
5.     </bean>       
6.     
7.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       
8.     <bean id="transactionManager"    
9.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     
10.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
11.     </bean>      
12.         
13.     <bean id="transactionInterceptor"       
14.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">       
15.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />       
16.         <!-- 配置事务属性 -->       
17.         <property name="transactionAttributes">       
18.             <props>       
19.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>       
20.             </props>       
21.         </property>       
22.     </bean>     
23.            
24.     <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">       
25.         <property name="beanNames">       
26.             <list>       
27.                 <value>*Dao</value>     
28.             </list>       
29.         </property>       
30.         <property name="interceptorNames">       
31.             <list>       
32.                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>       
33.             </list>       
34.         </property>       
35.     </bean>       
36.        
37.     <!-- 配置DAO -->     
38.     <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">     
39.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
40.     </bean>     
41. </beans>    

<bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>    
      
    <bean id="transactionInterceptor"     
        class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">     
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager" />     
        <!-- 配置事务属性 -->     
        <property name="transactionAttributes">     
            <props>     
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>     
            </props>     
        </property>     
    </bean>   
         
    <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">     
        <property name="beanNames">     
            <list>     
                <value>*Dao</value>   
            </list>     
        </property>     
        <property name="interceptorNames">     
            <list>     
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>     
            </list>     
        </property>     
    </bean>     
     
    <!-- 配置DAO -->   
    <bean id="userDao" class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
</beans>  

第四种：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <context:annotation-config />     
2.    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />     
3.     
4.    <bean id="sessionFactory"       
5.            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">       
6.        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />       
7.        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     
8.    </bean>       
9.     
10.    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       
11.    <bean id="transactionManager"    
12.        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     
13.        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
14.    </bean>     
15.     
16.    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">     
17.        <tx:attributes>     
18.            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />     
19.        </tx:attributes>     
20.    </tx:advice>     
21.         
22.    <aop:config>     
23.        <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"    
24.            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />     
25.        <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"    
26.            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />             
27.    </aop:config>           
28. lt;/beans>    

<context:annotation-config />   
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />   
  
   <bean id="sessionFactory"     
           class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
       <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
   </bean>     
  
   <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
   <bean id="transactionManager"  
       class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
       <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
   </bean>   
  
   <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">   
       <tx:attributes>   
           <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" />   
       </tx:attributes>   
   </tx:advice>   
      
   <aop:config>   
       <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"  
           expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />   
       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"  
           pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />           
   </aop:config>         
lt;/beans>  

全注解：

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. <context:annotation-config />     
2.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />     
3.     
4.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>     
5.     
6.     <bean id="sessionFactory"       
7.             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">       
8.         <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />       
9.         <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />     
10.     </bean>       
11.     
12.     <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->       
13.     <bean id="transactionManager"    
14.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">     
15.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />     
16.     </bean>     
17.          
18. </beans>    

<context:annotation-config />   
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />   
  
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>   
  
    <bean id="sessionFactory"     
            class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />     
        <property name="configurationClass" value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />   
    </bean>     
  
    <!-- 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->     
    <bean id="transactionManager"  
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />   
    </bean>   
       
</beans>  

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解

[java] view plain copy print ?

1. package com.bluesky.spring.dao;     
2.     
3. import java.util.List;     
4.     
5. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;     
6. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;     
7. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;     
8. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;     
9.     
10. import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;     
11.     
12. @Transactional    
13. @Component("userDao")     
14. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {     
15.     
16.     public List<User> listUsers() {     
17.         return this.getSession().createQuery("from User").list();     
18.     }     
19.          
20.          
21. }