Django（十六）Form组件扩展

http://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/6144178.html

Form组件
- form表单（验证；保留上次内容）
-
- Ajax（验证；无需上次内容）
- 返回HttpResponse
- 前端：跳转或错误信息

from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationError
class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
    username = fields.CharField()
    user_id = fields.IntegerField(
        widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
    )
    # 自定义方法 clean_字段名
    # 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
    # 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
    def clean_username(self):
        v = self.cleaned_data['username']
        if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
            # 整体错了
            # 自己详细错误信息
            raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
        return v
    def clean_user_id(self):
        return self.cleaned_data['user_id']

def ajax(request):
    if request.method == 'GET':
        obj = AjaxForm()
        return render(request,'ajax.html',{'obj':obj})
    else:
        ret = {'status':'NG','message':None}
        import json
        obj = AjaxForm(request.POST)
        if obj.is_valid():
            # 跳转到百度
            # return redirect('http://www.baidu.com')
            # if ....
            #     obj.errors['username'] = ['用户名已经存在',]
            # if ....
            #     obj.errors['email'] = ['用户名已经存在',]

            ret['status'] = 'OK'
            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))
        else:
            # print(type(obj.errors))
            # print(obj.errors)
            from django.forms.utils import ErrorDict
            # print(obj.errors.as_ul())
            # print(obj.errors.as_json())
            # print(obj.errors.as_data())



            ret['message'] = obj.errors
            # 错误信息显示在页面上
            return HttpResponse(json.dumps(ret))

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <form id="fm" method="POST" action="/ajax/">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ obj.as_p }}
        <input type="button" value="Ajax提交" id="btn" />
    </form>
    <script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function () {
            $('#btn').click(function () {
                $.ajax({
                    url: '/ajax/',
                    type: 'POST',
                    data: $('#fm').serialize(),
                    dataType: 'JSON',
                    success:function (arg) {

                        // arg: 状态，错误信息
                        if (arg.status == 'OK'){
                            window.location.href = "http://www.baidu.com"
                        }
                        console.log(arg);
                    }
                })


            })


        })
    </script>
</body>
</html>

1. Form组件扩展：

    1.简单扩展
        利用Form组件自带的正则扩展：
            a. 方式一
                from django.forms import Form
                from django.forms import widgets
                from django.forms import fields
                from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
                 
                class MyForm(Form):
                    user = fields.CharField(
                        error_messages={'invalid': '...'},
                        validators=[RegexValidator(r'^[0-9]+$', '请输入数字'), RegexValidator(r'^159[0-9]+$', '数字必须以159开头')],
                    )
            b. 方式二
                from django.forms import Form
                from django.forms import widgets
                from django.forms import fields
                from django.core.validators import RegexValidator
                 
                class MyForm(Form):
                    user = fields.RegexField(r'^[0-9]+$',error_messages={'invalid': '...'})

    2.基于源码流程
        a. 单字段
            from django.core.exceptions import NON_FIELD_ERRORS, ValidationError
            class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
                username = fields.CharField()
                user_id = fields.IntegerField(
                    widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
                )
            # 自定义方法 clean_字段名
            # 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
            # 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
            def clean_username(self):
                v = self.cleaned_data['username']
                if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
                    # 整体错了
                    # 自己详细错误信息
                    raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
                return v
            def clean_user_id(self):
                return self.cleaned_data['user_id']
                    
                 
        b. 整体错误验证
            class AjaxForm(forms.Form):
                username = fields.CharField()
                user_id = fields.IntegerField(
                    widget=widgets.Select(choices=[(0,'alex'),(1,'刘皓宸'),(2,'杨建'),])
                )
                # 自定义方法 clean_字段名
                # 必须返回值self.cleaned_data['username']
                # 如果出错：raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
                def clean_username(self):
                    v = self.cleaned_data['username']
                    if models.UserInfo.objects.filter(username=v).count():
                        # 整体错了
                        # 自己详细错误信息
                        raise ValidationError('用户名已存在')
                    return v
                def clean_user_id(self):
                    return self.cleaned_data['user_id']

                def clean(self):
                    value_dict = self.cleaned_data
                    v1 = value_dict.get('username')
                    v2 = value_dict.get('user_id')
                    if v1 == 'root' and v2==1:
                        raise ValidationError('整体错误信息')
                    return self.cleaned_data
                    
                    
        PS: _post_clean
                
         
2. Django序列化
    a.对象
    b.字典
    c.元祖

2. Django序列化

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.shortcuts import HttpResponse
from app01 import models
import json
def xuliehua(request):

    return render(request,'xuliehua.html')

"""
def get_data(request):
    user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
    return render(request,'get_data.html',{'user_list':user_list})
"""
def get_data(request):
    from django.core import serializers

    ret = {'status':True,'data':None}
    try:
        # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all()
        # QuerySet【obj,obj,obj】
        # ret['data'] = serializers.serialize("json",user_list)
        # // var
        # v = JSON.parse(arg.data);
        # // console.log(v);

        # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values('id','username')
        # ret['data'] = list(user_list)
        # console.log(arg.data);

        # user_list = models.UserInfo.objects.all().values_list('id', 'username')
        # ret['data'] = list(user_list)
        # console.log(arg.data);
        pass
    except Exception as e:
        ret['status'] = False
    result = json.dumps(ret)
    return HttpResponse(result)

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>用户列表</h1>
    <table id="tb">

    </table>
    <script src="/static/jquery-3.1.1.js"></script>
    <script>
        $(function () {
            initData();
        });
        function initData() {
            $.ajax({
                url :'/get_data/',
                type:'GET',
                dataType:'JSON',
                success:function (arg) {
                    //$('#tb').append(arg);
                    if(arg.status){
                        console.log(arg.data);
                        //var v = JSON.parse(arg.data);
                        //console.log(v);
                    }
                }
            })
        }
    </script>
</body>
</html>

html

Django（十六）Form组件扩展

1. Form组件扩展：

2. Django序列化

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