C#基础-面向对象-继承

继承

新建一个基类

对Person类3个字段进行重构->封装字段

效果如下：

 public string Name { get => name; set => name = value; }
 public string Sex { get => sex; set => sex = value; }
 public int Age { get => age; set => age = value; }

完整Person类代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace ConsoleApp6
{
    // 作为被继承的，称为基类，也称为父类
    public class Person
    {
        private string name;
        private string sex;
        private int age;
        public Person()
        {

        }
        public Person(string _name, string _sex, int _age)
        {
            this.name = _name;
            this.sex = _sex;
            this.age = _age;
        }

        public string Name { get => name; set => name = value; }
        public string Sex { get => sex; set => sex = value; }
        public int Age {
            get { return age; }
            set {
                if (value <= 0)
                {
                    age = 12;
                }
                else
                {
                    age = value;
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

新建一个Doctor类，继承Person

继承的称为子类，或派生类，从person中继承了非private的属性

// 称为派生类，也称为子类，继承Person
    public class Doctor:Person
    {
    }

主函数调用Doctor属性

class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Doctor d = new Doctor();
    d.Name = "James";
    d.Sex = "Male";
    d.Age = 23;
    Console.WriteLine("医生姓名：{0}，性别：{1}，年龄：{2}。", d.Name, d.Sex, d.Age);
}
}

子类的构造函数继承父类，并在父类基础上有所增加

// 称为派生类，也称为子类，继承Person
    public class Doctor:Person
    {
        private string departName;

        //base 表示调用父类
        public Doctor(string _name,string _sex,int _age,string _departName) : base(_name, _sex, _age) // 调用父类的构造函数
        {
            this.DepartName = _departName;
        }

        public string DepartName { get => departName; set => departName = value; }
    }

主函数实现效果：

static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Doctor d = new Doctor("jake","male",24,"外科");
            Console.WriteLine("医生姓名：{0}，性别：{1}，年龄：{2}，科室：{3}。", d.Name, d.Sex, d.Age, d.DepartName);
        }