redis命令(4)--集合类型(Set)

set集合中每一个元素都不相同,元素不是按添加顺序排列的(无序的)。

set集合在Redis内部是使用值为空的散列表(hash table)实现的,所以这些操作的时间复杂度都是

0(1)。最方便的是多个集合类型键之间还可以进行并集、交集和差集运算。

以下命令中的key 代表set集合

1.添加元素

sadd key value1 value2 value....

向set中添加元素,set不存在则自动创建,如果元素已经存在于set中,则该元素被忽略,返回成功添加的元素的个数。

localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone huawei sony
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung
(integer) 0

 

 

2.删除元素

srem key value1 value2 value...

从集合中删除一个或多个元素,并返回删除成功的个

localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone huawei sony
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> srem brands aa bb c
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> srem brands samsung
(integer) 1

 3.获取集合中所有元素

smembers key

localhost:6379> del brands
(integer) 1
localhost:6379>  sadd brands samsung iphone huawei sony
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> smembers brands
1) "huawei"
2) "iphone"
3) "samsung"
4) "sony"

 4.判断set中是否存在指定的元素

sismember key value 

set集合中是否存在元素值==value的元素,存在则返回1 不存在返回0

localhost:6379> del brands
(integer) 1
localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone huawei sony
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> sismember brands iphone
(integer) 1
localhost:6379> sismember brands lv
(integer) 0

 5.集合间差运算

sdiff key1 key2 key...

返回:key1集合剔除key2集合中的元素,再剔除key...集合中的元素之后,剩余的元素

计算后:参与计算的集合本身无变化。

localhost:6379> del brands1
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> del brands2
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands1 samsung iphone hauwei
(integer) 3
localhost:6379> sadd brands2 samsung sony
(integer) 2
localhost:6379> sdiff brands2 brands1
1) "sony"
localhost:6379> smembers brands2
1) "samsung"
2) "sony"

 

6.集合间交计算

sinter key1 key2 key....

返回:key1 key2 key.. ,每个集合中都存在的相同元素的合集

计算后:参与计算的集合本身无变化。

localhost:6379> del brands1
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> del brands2
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands1 samsung iphone huawei
(integer) 3
localhost:6379> sadd brands2 sony samsung htc
(integer) 3
localhost:6379> sinter brands1 brands2
1) "samsung"
localhost:6379> smembers brands1
1) "huawei"
2) "iphone"
3) "samsung"
localhost:6379> smembers brands2
1) "samsung"
2) "sony"
3) "htc"

 7.集合间并运算

sunion key1 key key...

返回:key1集合中所有元素+key2集合中所有元素+key...集合中所有元素(由set特性,会剔重)

计算后:参与计算的集合本身无变化。

localhost:6379> del brands1
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> del brands2
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands1 samsung iphone huawei
(integer) 3
localhost:6379> sadd brands2 sony samsung htc
(integer) 3
localhost:6379> sunion brands1 brands2
1) "samsung"
2) "iphone"
3) "huawei"
4) "sony"

 8.获取set中元素的个数

scard key

localhost:6379> del brands
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone sony huawei
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> scard brands
(integer) 4

 9.set间差、交、并运算并存储结果

差运算:

sdiffstore destKey,srcKey1 ,srcKey2 ,srcKey..

srcKey1 集合减去srcKey2 ,再减去srcKey...的结果保存在destKey中

交运算:

sinterstore destKey,srcKey1 ,srcKey2 ,srcKey..

srcKey1 集合,srcKey2集合,srcKey... 集合交运算的结果保存于destKey中

并运算:

sunionstore destKey,srcKey1 ,srcKey2 ,srcKey..

srcKey1 集合,srcKey2集合,srcKey... 集合并运算的结果保存于destKey中

10.随机获取set中的元素

srandmember key [count]

count为可选参数,没有count时只随机获取一个元素,有count,则随机获取count个元素

localhost:6379> del brands
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone sony huawei
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> srandmember brands
"iphone"
localhost:6379> srandmember brands 2
1) "samsung"
2) "iphone"

 11.从集合随机移出一个元素

spop key

 

localhost:6379> del brands
(integer) 0
localhost:6379> sadd brands samsung iphone sony huawei
(integer) 4
localhost:6379> spop brands
"samsung"
localhost:6379> spop brands
"sony"
localhost:6379> smembers brands
1) "huawei"
2) "iphone"

 

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转载自java12345678.iteye.com/blog/2162517