使用Spring JDBCTemplate进行增删改查curd操作

项目介绍

Spring中关于JDBC的一个辅助类(JDBC Template)，它封装了JDBC的操作，使用它来构建项目

项目结构

创建maven项目，结构如上图

maven依赖jar包汇总

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>3.8.1</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
		<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
		<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
		<version>3.1.0</version>
	</dependency>
    <dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
		<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>
   	
   	<dependency>
		<groupId>mysql</groupId>
		<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
		<version>5.1.35</version>
	</dependency>
	
	<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
		<version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version>
	</dependency>
  </dependencies>

新建测试类，创建数据表

package com.curd.spring.test;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource;

public class JDBCTemplate {
	@Test
	public void demo(){
		DriverManagerDataSource dataSource=new DriverManagerDataSource();
		dataSource.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		dataSource.setUrl("jdbc:mysql:///test");
		dataSource.setUsername("root");
		dataSource.setPassword("");
		JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate=new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
		jdbcTemplate.execute("CREATE TABLE temp(`id` int(11) NOT NULL,`name` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,`password` varchar(32) DEFAULT NULL,PRIMARY KEY (`id`))");
	}
}

创建完的表结构如下

appliactionContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
 
	 <!--数据源的配置 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql:///test"></property>
		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value=""></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
	</bean>
 
	<bean id="userDao" class="com.curd.spring.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
		<property name="jdbcTemplate" ref="jdbcTemplate"></property>
	</bean>


</beans>

注意修改数据库配置为你本地的配置

模型类User.java

package com.curd.spring.model;

public class User {
	private int id;
	private String username;
	private String password;
	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public String getPassword() {
		return password;
	}
	public void setPassword(String password) {
		this.password = password;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "User [id=" + id + ", username=" + username + ", password="
				+ password + "]";
	}
	
	
}

UserDAO 接口IUserDAO.java

package com.curd.spring.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.curd.spring.model.User;

public interface IUserDAO {
	public void addUser(User user);
    public void deleteUser(int id);
    public void updateUser(User user);
    public String searchUserName(int id);
    public User searchUser(int id);
    public List<User> findAll();
}

接口实现类 UserDAOImpl.java

按照以往Spring的依赖注入，我们需要在接口实现类中利用构造器去获取JdbcTemplate ，Spring早就帮我们想到了这点，它为我们提供了JdbcDaoSupport支持类，所有 DAO继承这个类，就会自动获得JdbcTemplate（前提是注入DataSource）

在我们的实现类中直接利用getJdbcTemplate就可以获取操作对象了。
JdbcTemplate主要提供下列方法：
1、execute方法：可以用于执行任何SQL语句，一般用于执行DDL语句；
2、update方法及batchUpdate方法：update方法用于执行新增、修改、删除等语句；batchUpdate方法用于执行批处理相关语句；
3、query方法及queryForXXX方法：用于执行查询相关语句；
4、call方法：用于执行存储过程、函数相关语句。

package com.curd.spring.dao.impl;


import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport;

import com.curd.spring.dao.IUserDAO;
import com.curd.spring.model.User;

public class UserDAOImpl extends JdbcDaoSupport implements IUserDAO {

	@Override
	public void addUser(User user) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String sql = "insert into temp values(?,?,?)";
		this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, null,user.getUsername(),user.getPassword());
	}

	@Override
	public void deleteUser(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String sql = "delete from temp where id = ?";
		this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, id);
	}

	@Override
	public void updateUser(User user) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String sql = "update temp set username =?,password=? where id = ?";
		this.getJdbcTemplate().update(sql, user.getUsername(),user.getPassword(),user.getId());
	}

	@Override
	public String searchUserName(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub	
		String sql = "select username from temp where id = ?";
		return  this.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, String.class, id);
	}

	@Override
	public User searchUser(int id) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String sql="select * from temp where id=?";
		return this.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, new UserRowMapper(), id);
	}

	@Override
	public List<User> findAll() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		String sql = "select * from temp";
		return this.getJdbcTemplate().query(sql, new UserRowMapper());
	}

	 class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper<User> {
		//rs为返回结果集，以每行为单位封装着
		@Override
		public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
			User user = new User();
			user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
			user.setUsername(rs.getString("username"));
			user.setPassword(rs.getString("password"));
			return user;
		}
	 }
}

测试类UserTest.java

package com.curd.spring.test;

import java.util.List;



import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.curd.spring.dao.IUserDAO;
import com.curd.spring.model.User;


public class UserTest {
	
	@Test
	public void  testaddUser(){
		User user = new User();
		user.setUsername("liu");
		user.setPassword("6");
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
		dao.addUser(user);
	}

	@Test
    public void testdeleteUser(){
		ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
		dao.deleteUser(1);
    };
    
    @Test
    public void testupdateUser(){
    	User user = new User();
    	user.setId(1);
    	user.setUsername("zhi");
    	user.setPassword("1234");
    	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    	IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
    	dao.updateUser(user);
    };
    @Test
    public void testsearchUserName(){
    	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    	IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
    	String  username = dao.searchUserName(2);
    	System.out.println(username);
    };
    @Test
    public void testsearchUser(){
    	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    	IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
    	User  u = dao.searchUser(2);
    	
    	System.out.println(u.toString());
    	
    };
    @Test
    public void testfindAll(){
    	ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    	IUserDAO dao = (IUserDAO) ctx.getBean("userDao");
    	List<User>  u = dao.findAll(); 	
    	for (User user : u) {
			System.out.println(user.toString());
		}
    	
    };
}

赶紧测试一下吧！

知识点汇总

1、Spring 为每种持久化技术提供一个支持类，在DAO 中注入模板工具类
（1）JDBC ： org.springframework.jdbc.core.support.JdbcDaoSupport
（2）Hibernate 3.0 ：org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport
（3）iBatis ：org.springframework.orm.ibatis.support.SqlMapClientDaoSupport
用户自己编写DAO 只需要继承 JdbcDaoSupport，就可以注入 JdbcTemplate
2、通过jdbcTemplate 提供 int update(String sql, Object... args) 实现增加、修改、删除
3、简单查询，返回原始数据类型， String类型
String sql = "select count(*) from user";
// int queryForInt(String sql)
String sql = "select name from user where id = ? ";
// <T> T queryForObject(String sql, Class<T> requiredType, Object... args)
4、复杂查询 JdbcTemplate 没有handler，手动完成对象封装

编写实体类 RowMapper
class UserRowMapper implements RowMapper<User> {
@Override
public User mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
// rs 已经指向每一条数据，不需要自己调用 next，将rs指向数据转换 User对象
User user = new User();
user.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
user.setName(rs.getString("name"));
return user;
}
}
查询单个对象 <T> T
queryForObject(String sql, RowMapper<T> rowMapper, Object... args)
return this.getJdbcTemplate().queryForObject(sql, new UserRowMapper(),id);
查询所有对象List集合 <T> List<T>
query(String sql, RowMapper<T> rowMapper, Object... args)
return this.getJdbcTemplate().query(sql, new UserRowMapper());

参考资料

http://www.tuicool.com/articles/nYjEjy

源码下载

http://download.csdn.net/detail/sunxiaoyu94/9402507

使用Spring JDBCTemplate进行增删改查curd操作

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