interface Service { public void injectUserDao(UserDao userDao); } class UserService implements Service { private UserDao userDao; //构造函数的注入 public UserService(UserDao userDao) { this.userDao = userDao; } // 属性的注入 public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) { this.userDao = userDao; } //接口注入 @Override public void injectUserDao(UserDao userDao) { this.userDao = userDao; } }4、容器的注入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="userDAO" class="com.sosop.dao.imp.UserDAOImp" /> <bean id="userService" class="com.service.imp.UserServiceImp" p: userDAO-ref="userDAO"/> </beans>实现原理:使用java的反射机制 由ClassLoader的loadClass("com.sosop....")加载字节码Class对象,再由Class对象newInstance生成实例以及获得类的构造方法、字段以及方法等成员,具体参考java的反射 5、资源抽象接口 Resource接口有很多实现类,如ClassPathResource,FileSystemResource等 资源地址的表达式: 类路径加载资源:classpath: com/sosop/... 目录中加载资源:file:/home/sosop/... WEB服务器中加载资源:http://www.sososp.com/... ftp服务器中加载资源:ftp://www.sosop.com/... ApplicationContext对应的类: com/sososp/bean.xml 二、IoC容器装配bean 1、装配一个bean
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="idName" class="package.class"> </bean>2、bean命名:尽量使用id,避免使用name 区别就是name上命名几乎没有任何限制,使用id吧 3、依赖注入
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <!-- 属性注入 --> <bean id="user1" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <property name="name"><value>sosop</value></property> </bean> <bean id="user2" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <property name="name" value="sosop"/> </bean> <bean id="friend" class="com.sosop.model.User"/> <bean id="user3" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <property name="friend" ref="friend"/> </bean> <!-- 构造器注入 --> <bean id="user4" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <!-- 这里还有根据类型type、根据index参数的顺序 --> <constructor-arg name="name" value="sosop"/> </bean> <!-- 非静态工厂类 --> <bean id="factory" class="com.sosop.UserFactory"/> <bean id="user5" factory-bean="factory" factory-method="createUser"/> <!-- 静态工厂类 --> <bean id="user6" class="com.sosop.StaticUserFactory" factory-method="getInstance"/> <bean/> <!-- null --> <bean id="user7" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <property name="name"><null/></property> </bean> <!--级联 --> <bean id="user8" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <property name="friend.name"><value>oudi</value></property> </bean> <!-- 集合 --> <bean id="user9" class="com.sosop.model.User"> <!-- List --> <property name="books"> <list> <value>java</value> <value>c</value> <value>ruby</value> </list> </property> <!-- Set --> <property name="hobies"> <list> <value>football</value> <value>swimming</value> <value>girls</value> </list> </property> <!-- Map --> <property name="phone"> <map> <entry key="telephone" value="1234567"/> <entry key="mobilphone" value="18888888888"/> </map> </property> <!-- Porperties --> <property name="mails"> <props> <prop key="sian">[email protected]</prop> <prop key="gmail">[email protected]</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!-- 记住集合合并:父集合有abstract,子集合parent,集合属性merge=true 方便快捷的配置集合类型使用util命名空间 --> <!-- 使用P命名空间:xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" --> <bean id="user10" class="com.sosop.model.User" p:name="sosop" p:friend-ref="friend" /> </beans>5、自动装配 byName、byType、constructor、autodetect(有默认构造则用byType,否则用constructor) 6、类之间的关系 继承:父类abstract=true 子类parent="父类id" 依赖:depends-on="classId" 引用:p: id="classId" <idref bean="classId"/> 7、整合多个配置文件 在applicationContext.xml中整合多个配置文件,当多个人开发一个项目,每个人负责一个模块或功能时,很有用 <import resource="classpath*: com/sosop/*" /> <import resource="services.xml"/>
<import resource="resources/messageSource.xml"/>
<import resource="/resources/themeSource.xml"/>
8、bean的作用域:singleton、prototype、request、session、globalSession 三、基于注解配置 现在在项目中一般都使用注解的方式,方便简洁 下面是不久前做的一个项目部分注解配置
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd"> <aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/> <context:annotation-config /> <context:component-scan base-package="com.tcl.phone" /> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true"/> <mvc:annotation-driven /> <bean class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer" p:locations="classpath:jdbc.properties" p:fileEncoding="utf-8" /> <bean id="dataSource" destroy-method="close" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" p:driverClassName="${jdbc.drive}" p:url="${jdbc.url}" p:username="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" p:maxActive="${jdbc.maxActive}" p:maxIdle="${jdbc.maxIdle}" p:maxWait="${jdbc.maxWait}" p:defaultAutoCommit="${jdbc.defaultAutoCommit}" /> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" /> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true" /> <tx:method name="*" /> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="serviceOperation" expression="execution(* com.tcl.phone.service..*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceOperation" /> </aop:config> <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" p:configLocation="classpath:com/tcl/phone/data/mybatis-config.xml" p:mapperLocations="classpath*:com/tcl/phone/data/*Mapper.xml" /> <bean id="sqlSession" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionTemplate"> <constructor-arg index="0" ref="sqlSessionFactory"/> </bean> </beans>
package com.tcl.phone.model; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Admin { private int id; private String name; public Admin() {} public Admin(int id) { super(); this.id = id; } public Admin(String name) { super(); this.name = name; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
package com.tcl.phone.dao.imp; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; import com.tcl.phone.dao.IAdminDAO; import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin; @Repository("adminDAO") public class AdminDAO extends BaseDAO<Admin> implements IAdminDAO { }
package com.tcl.phone.service.imp; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.HashSet; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.tcl.phone.dao.IAdminDAO; import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin; import com.tcl.phone.service.IAdminService; @Service("adminService") public class AdminService implements IAdminService { private IAdminDAO adminDAO; @Resource(name="adminDAO") public void setUserDao(IAdminDAO adminDAO) { this.adminDAO = adminDAO; } @Override public boolean validAdmin(String name) { Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("a_name", name.trim()); Admin admin = adminDAO.selectByFields(map); if(admin == null) return false; else return true; } @Override public String save(Admin admin) { //admin.setName(admin.getName().trim().replace(" ", ".")); return String.valueOf(adminDAO.insert(admin)); } @Override public String remove(String name) { Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(); map.put("a_name", name); return String.valueOf(adminDAO.deleteByField(map)); } @Override public Set<String> query() { Set<String> admins = new HashSet<>(); for(Admin admin : adminDAO.select(new Admin())) { admins.add(admin.getName()); } return admins; } }
package com.tcl.phone.web.controller; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; import com.tcl.phone.model.Admin; import com.tcl.phone.service.IAdminService; import com.tcl.phone.utils.CollectionUtil; import com.tcl.phone.utils.Constant; import com.tcl.phone.utils.LDAPUtil; @Controller public class AdminController { private IAdminService adminService; @Resource(name="adminService") public void setAdminService(IAdminService adminService) { this.adminService = adminService; } @RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_ADD_PATH) public @ResponseBody String addAdmin(@RequestParam String name) { String real = name.trim(); return adminService.save(new Admin(real)); } @RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_REMOVE_PATH) public @ResponseBody String removeAdmin(@RequestParam String name) { return adminService.remove(name.trim()); } @RequestMapping(Constant.ADMIN_SHOW_PATH) public ModelAndView showAdmin() { ModelAndView mav = new ModelAndView(); Set<String> admins = adminService.query(); Map<String, String> users = LDAPUtil.getUsers(); mav.addObject("admins", admins); //mav.addObject("users", new CollectionUtil<String>().sub(users, admins)); mav.addObject("users", new CollectionUtil<String, String>().removeKeys(users, admins)); mav.addObject("menu", 11); mav.setViewName(Constant.ADMIN_PAGE_PATH); return mav; } }
<context:component-scan base-package="org.example"> <context:include-filter type="regex" expression=".*Stub.*Repository"/> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Repository"/> </context:component-scan>
@Autowire和@Qualifier很少用