linux搭建系统运维监控平台------nagios

一、安装前的准备工作

1）检查 yum 命令能正常使用

[root@svr5 ~]# yum clean                        # 清除 yum 缓存
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Error: clean requires an option: headers, packages, metadata, dbcache, plugins, expire-cache, rpmdb, all
[root@svr5 ~]# yum repolist                     # 检查 yum 是否能正常使用
Loaded plugins: product-id, refresh-packagekit, security, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
redhat6.5                                                                                         | 3.9 kB     00:00 ... 
repo id                                                    repo name                                               status
redhat6.5                                                  redhat                                                  3,690
repolist: 3,690                                  # 从输出结果看出, yum命令能正常使用
[root@svr5 ~]# 

2）检查是否能上外网，DNS配置正常

[root@svr5 ~]# ping www.baidu.com                
ping: unknown host www.baidu.com                               # 不能解析 域名
[root@svr5 ~]# ping -c 3 8.8.8.8                               # 能 ping 通外网ip    
PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=30.7 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=33.1 ms
64 bytes from 8.8.8.8: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=31.3 ms

--- 8.8.8.8 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2035ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 30.776/31.763/33.172/1.022 ms
[root@svr5 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf             
[root@svr5 ~]# echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" > /etc/resolv.conf    # 配置 dns 服务器
[root@svr5 ~]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
nameserver 8.8.8.8
[root@svr5 ~]# ping www.baidu.com                              # 域名解析成功
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.215.177.38) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=14.2 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=15.1 ms
64 bytes from 14.215.177.38: icmp_seq=3 ttl=128 time=14.6 ms
^C
--- www.a.shifen.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2618ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 14.258/14.710/15.178/0.375 ms
[root@svr5 ~]# 

---

二、nagios安装

1）关闭SElinux

[root@svr5 ~]# getenforce                        # 查看 SElinux 状态
Enforcing
[root@svr5 ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=.*/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config    # 关闭SElinux
[root@svr5 ~]# setenforce 0
[root@svr5 ~]# 
[root@svr5 ~]# getenforce                        # 查看 SElinux 状态, 确认已关闭
Permissive
[root@svr5 ~]# 

2）安装nagios的先决条件（即安装nagios前需要安装的软件包）

[root@svr5 data]# yum install -y gcc glibc glibc-common wget unzip httpd php gd gd-devel perl postfix

3）下载源码， 并解压

[root@svr5 data]# cd /data
[root@svr5 data]# wget -O nagioscore.tar.gz https://github.com/NagiosEnterprises/nagioscore/archive/nagios-4.4.3.tar.gz
[root@svr5 data]# tar zxvf nagioscore.tar.gz

4）编译源码

[root@svr5 data]# cd nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3/
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# ./configure
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make all

5）创建用户和组（创建nagios用户和组，将 apache的用户也被添加到所述的nagios组）

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install-groups-users
groupadd -r nagios
useradd -g nagios nagios
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# usermod -a -G nagios apache
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# 

6）安装二进制文件（此步骤将安装二进制文件，CGI和HTML文件）

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install

7）守护程序，将httpd服务设置成开机启动

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install-daemoninit
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 -d -o root -g root /etc/init.d
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 -o root -g root startup/default-init /etc/init.d/nagios

*** Init script installed ***

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# chkconfig --level 2345 httpd on
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# 

8）安装命令模式

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install-commandmode
/usr/bin/install -c -m 775 -o nagios -g nagios -d /usr/local/nagios/var/rw
chmod g+s /usr/local/nagios/var/rw

*** External command directory configured ***

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# 

9）安装配置文件

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install-config

10）安装Apache配置文件

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# make install-webconf

11）配置防火墙

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 80 -j ACCEPT 
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# service iptables save 
iptables：将防火墙规则保存到 /etc/sysconfig/iptables：     [确定]
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# ip6tables -I INPUT -p tcp --destination-port 80 -j ACCEPT 
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# service ip6tables save
ip6tables：将防火墙规则保存到 /etc/sysconfig/ip6tables：   [确定]
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# 

12）创建nagiosadmin用户帐户（用于登录nagios的， 这里将密码设置为123456）

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]#

13）启动httpd、nagios服务

[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# service httpd restart
停止 httpd：                                               [失败]
正在启动 httpd：httpd: apr_sockaddr_info_get() failed for svr5
httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName
                                                           [确定]
[root@svr5 nagioscore-nagios-4.4.3]# service nagios restart
Running configuration check... Stopping nagios: No lock file found in /var/run/nagios.lock
Starting nagios: Running configuration check... done.

14）测试nagios

---

三、安装nagios插件

1）先决条件

[root@svr5 /]# cd /data
[root@svr5 data]# 
[root@svr5 data]# wget https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm
[root@svr5 data]# rpm -ivh epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm
[root@svr5 data]# yum install -y gcc glibc glibc-common make gettext automake autoconf wget openssl-devel net-snmp net-snmp-utils
[root@svr5 data]# yum install -y perl-Net-SNMP

 2）下载并解压nagios插件源码

[root@svr5 data]# cd /data
[root@svr5 data]# wget --no-check-certificate -O nagios-plugins.tar.gz https://github.com/nagios-plugins/nagios-plugins/archive/release-2.2.1.tar.gz 
[root@svr5 data]# tar zxf nagios-plugins.tar.gz 
[root@svr5 data]# 

3）编译、安装nagios插件源码

[root@svr5 data]# cd nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1/
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# 
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# ./tools/setup
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# ./configure
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# make
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# make install

4）重启 nagios、httpd服务

[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# service nagios restart
Running configuration check... Stopping nagios: done.
Starting nagios: Running configuration check... done.
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# service httpd restart

5）测试插件

监控数据收集大概会花上几分钟时间， 请耐心等待。。。

6）处理测试中出现的 HTTP 警告 

[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]# touch /var/www/html/index.html
[root@svr5 nagios-plugins-release-2.2.1]#