Java框架基础教程 : 使用Maven搭建SSH项目(Idea)

本教程是在Idea中使用Maven搭建Struts2+Spring3+hibernate4的开发环境

做Java开发有一年多了,几个项目中使用最多的还是这套SSH框架,在这里记录一下

Maven的安装与配置以及创建一个web项目可以看下面这篇博文

Java框架基础教程 : Maven安装与配置以及在IDEA中使用Maven创建一个web项目

这里使用的是IDEA,虽然最早做Java开发时用的是Eclipse,也用了很久,但后来用了IDEA后,再用Eclipse总觉得很不方便.

一.创建一个Maven项目,将Create from archetype(原型)勾选上

然后next

然后next

接下来点击Finish,等待maven下载所需的依赖包,项目就已经搭建好了

二.配置SSH环境.

1.配置pom.xml (下载所需的Jar包)

更改pom.xml后,Maven会自动从中心仓库下载所需的Jar包,我用的是阿里的仓库.

<properties>
  <!-- 文件拷贝编码 -->
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
  <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
  <!-- 输出编码 -->
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <!-- 编译编码 -->
  <maven.compiler.encoding>UTF-8</maven.compiler.encoding>
</properties>


<dependencies>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.11</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>

  <!-- log4j 日志 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- servlet API -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
    <version>3.1-b09</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!-- MySQL驱动 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.24</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- mchange C3P0 数据源 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.5-pre2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- junit -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.11</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
  <!-- fastjson -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
    <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
    <version>1.1.29</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- sf.json -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
    <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
    <version>2.4</version>
    <classifier>jdk15</classifier><!--指定jdk版本 -->
  </dependency>
  <!-- struts2 -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.14</version>
    <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
        <groupId>javassist</groupId>
        <artifactId>javassist</artifactId>
      </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts2-spring-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.14</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
    <artifactId>struts2-convention-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.14</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- spring -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
    <version>3.2.2.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- aspectjweaver -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
    <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.2</version>
  </dependency>
  <!-- hibernate -->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.0.Final</version>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>

2.更改项目结构 (增加所需的文件夹)

src/main/java:存放java源文件

src/main/resources:存放项目配置文件，如struts.xml,spring.xml,hibernate.cfg.xml等

3.编写配置文件

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
  <display-name></display-name>

  <!-- Spring ApplicationContext配置文件的路径,可使用通配符,多个路径用,号分隔 此参数用于后面的Spring Context
        Loader -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring.xml,classpath:spring-hibernate.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- spring 监听器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- Filter 定义 -->
  <!-- Character Encoding filter -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!--Hibernate的session丢失解决方法 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>openSessionInView</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- struts2 filter -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>


  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

spring.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <!-- 引入属性文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:database.properties" />

    <!-- 自动扫描dao和service包(自动注入) -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.ljb" />
</beans>

spring-hibernate.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
    ">
    <!-- 使用C3P0数据源，MySQL数据库 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"
          destroy-method="close">
        <!-- MySQL5 -->
        <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClassName}"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"></property>
        <property name="user" value="${username}"></property>
        <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="40"></property>
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="1"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="1"></property>
        <property name="maxIdleTime" value="20"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- session工厂 -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="packagesToScan" value="com.ljb.*.entity" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务 -->
    <bean name="txManager"
          class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
</beans>

struts.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
        "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">

<struts>
    <!-- 将Action交给spring容器管理 -->
    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />

    <!-- 零配置 -->
    <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators" value="ljb" />
    <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators.basePackage" value="com" />

    <!-- 模式为开发模式，修改xml配置文件会自动加载，项目交付的时候设置为false,以免影响性能 -->
    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
    <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />
    <!-- 字符集编码 -->
    <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="utf-8" />
    <package name="defaultPackage" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">

    </package>
</struts>

配置完成