Nodejs是一个轻量级且高效的JavaScript平台，基于Chrome的V8 JavaScript引擎构建，NPM是默认的NodeJS包管理器。您可以使用它来构建可伸缩的网络应用程序。
第1步：添加NodeSource存储库
Node.js和NPM的最新版本可从官方的NodeSource Enterprise Linux，Fedora，Debian和Ubuntu二进制发行版存储库获得，该存储库由Nodejs网站维护，您需要将其添加到您的系统才能安装最新的Nodejs和NPM包。
重要提示：在RHEL 5和CentOS 5下，Node.js包依赖于EPEL存储库，因此如果未安装，脚本将检查并提供说明。
要为最新版本的Node.js添加存储库，请以root身份使用以下命令。
在RHEL，CentOS和Fedora上
---------- 安装 Node.js v11.x ----------
$ curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_11.x | bash -
---------- 安装 Node.js v10.x ----------
$ curl -sL https://rpm.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | bash -
示例输出
## Installing the NodeSource Node.js 11.x repo...
## Inspecting system...
## Confirming "el7-x86_64" is supported...
+ curl -sLf -o /dev/null 'https://rpm.nodesource.com/pub_11.x/el/7/x86_64/nodesource-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'
## Downloading release setup RPM...
+ mktemp
+ curl -sL -o '/tmp/tmp.AhnE1gAaMU' 'https://rpm.nodesource.com/pub_11.x/el/7/x86_64/nodesource-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm'
## Installing release setup RPM...
+ rpm -i --nosignature --force '/tmp/tmp.AhnE1gAaMU'
## Cleaning up...
+ rm -f '/tmp/tmp.AhnE1gAaMU'
## Checking for existing installations...
+ rpm -qa 'node|npm' | grep -v nodesource
## Run `sudo yum install -y nodejs` to install Node.js 11.x and npm.
## You may also need development tools to build native addons:
sudo yum install gcc-c++ make
## To install the Yarn package manager, run:
curl -sL https://dl.yarnpkg.com/rpm/yarn.repo | sudo tee /etc/yum.repos.d/yarn.repo
sudo yum install yarn
在 Debian, Ubuntu 和 Linux Mint上
---------- 安装 Node.js v11.x ----------
$ curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_11.x | sudo -E bash -
---------- 安装 Node.js v10.x ----------
$ curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | sudo -E bash -
示例输出
## Installing the NodeSource Node.js v11.x repo...
## Populating apt-get cache...
+ apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety InRelease [247 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security/main i386 Packages [109 kB]
Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates InRelease [102 kB]
Get:5 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security/main amd64 Packages [112 kB]
Get:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security/universe amd64 Packages [56.5 kB]
Get:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security/universe i386 Packages [54.3 kB]
Get:8 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-backports InRelease [102 kB]
Get:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security/universe Translation-en [35.2 kB]
Get:10 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 Packages [224 kB]
Get:11 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main i386 Packages [221 kB]
Get:12 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main Translation-en [100.0 kB]
Get:13 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/universe amd64 Packages [144 kB]
Get:14 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/universe i386 Packages [142 kB]
Get:15 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/universe Translation-en [76.2 kB]
Get:16 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/multiverse amd64 Packages [4,632 B]
Get:17 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/multiverse Translation-en [2,252 B]
Fetched 1,835 kB in 7s (261 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
## Confirming "yakkety" is supported...
+ curl -sLf -o /dev/null 'https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x/dists/yakkety/Release'
## Adding the NodeSource signing key to your keyring...
+ curl -s https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | apt-key add -
OK
## Creating apt sources list file for the NodeSource Node.js v11.x repo...
+ echo 'deb https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x yakkety main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
+ echo 'deb-src https://deb.nodesource.com/node_6.11 yakkety main' >> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
## Running `apt-get update` for you...
+ apt-get update
Get:1 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-security InRelease [102 kB]
Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety InRelease [247 kB]
Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates InRelease [102 kB]
Get:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x yakkety InRelease [3,915 B]
Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-backports InRelease [102 kB]
Get:6 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x yakkety/main Sources [765 B]
Get:7 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x yakkety/main i386 Packages [961 B]
Get:8 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_11.x yakkety/main amd64 Packages [964 B]
Fetched 560 kB in 2s (215 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
## Run `apt-get install nodejs` (as root) to install Node.js v11.x and npm
第2步： 安装最新的Nodejs和NPM
接下来，您现在可以使用以下命令在系统上安装Nodejs和NPM：
在RHEL，CentOS和Fedora上
# yum -y install nodejs
# dnf -y install nodejs [On Fedora 22+ versions]
示例输出
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.vbctv.in
* elrepo: mirrors.coreix.net
* epel: repos.del.extreme-ix.org
* extras: mirror.vbctv.in
* updates: mirror.vbctv.in
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nodejs.x86_64 2:11.3.0-1nodesource will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nodejs x86_64 2:11.3.0-1nodesource nodesource 18 M
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package
Total download size: 18 M
Installed size: 54 M
Downloading packages:
warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/nodesource/packages/nodejs-11.3.0-1nodesource.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 34fa74dd: NOKEY===========-] 2.8 MB/s | 18 MB 00:00:00 ETA
Public key for nodejs-11.3.0-1nodesource.x86_64.rpm is not installed
nodejs-11.3.0-1nodesource.x86_64.rpm | 18 MB 00:00:05
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/NODESOURCE-GPG-SIGNING-KEY-EL
Importing GPG key 0x34FA74DD:
Userid : "NodeSource "
Fingerprint: 2e55 207a 95d9 944b 0cc9 3261 5ddb e8d4 34fa 74dd
Package : nodesource-release-el7-1.noarch (installed)
From : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/NODESOURCE-GPG-SIGNING-KEY-EL
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
Installing : 2:nodejs-11.3.0-1nodesource.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : 2:nodejs-11.3.0-1nodesource.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
nodejs.x86_64 2:11.3.0-1nodesource
Complete!
在 Debian, Ubuntu 和 Linux Mint
可选：为了从npm构建本机插件，有一些开发工具，如gcc-c ++和make，你需要在你的系统上使用。
------- 在 RHEL, CentOS 和 Fedora -------
# yum install gcc-c++ make
------- 在 Debian, Ubuntu 和 Linux Mint -------
$ sudo apt-get install -y build-essential
第3步：测试最新的Nodejs和NPM
要对nodejs和NPM进行简单测试，可以使用以下命令检查系统上安装的版本：
在 RHEL, CentOS 和 Fedora
# node --version
# npm --version
就是这样，Nodejs和NPM现在已经安装好并可以在你的系统上使用了。