网络 - （以太网和WIFI无线）

ifconfig eth0 显示一个以太网卡的配置 
ifup eth0 启用一个 'eth0' 网络设备 
ifdown eth0 禁用一个 'eth0' 网络设备 
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 控制IP地址 
ifconfig eth0 promisc 设置 'eth0' 成混杂模式以嗅探数据包 (sniffing) 
dhclient eth0 以dhcp模式启用 'eth0' 
route -n show routing table 
route add -net 0/0 gw IP_Gateway configura default gateway 
route add -net 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 gw 192.168.1.1 configure static route to reach network '192.168.0.0/16' 
route del 0/0 gw IP_gateway remove static route 
echo "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward activate ip routing 
hostname show hostname of system 
host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(1) 
nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa(2) 
ip link show show link status of all interfaces 
mii-tool eth0 show link status of 'eth0' 
ethtool eth0 show statistics of network card 'eth0' 
netstat -tup show all active network connections and their PID 
netstat -tupl show all network services listening on the system and their PID 
tcpdump tcp port 80 show all HTTP traffic 
iwlist scan show wireless networks 
iwconfig eth1 show configuration of a wireless network card 
hostname show hostname 
host www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa 
nslookup www.example.com lookup hostname to resolve name to ip address and viceversa 
whois www.example.com lookup on Whois database 

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Microsoft Windows networks (SAMBA) 
nbtscan ip_addr netbios name resolution 
nmblookup -A ip_addr netbios name resolution 
smbclient -L ip_addr/hostname show remote shares of a windows host 
smbget -Rr smb://ip_addr/share like wget can download files from a host windows via smb 
mount -t smbfs -o username=user,password=pass //WinClient/share /mnt/share mount a windows network share