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手写数字识别
from keras.datasets import mnist # 手写数字0-9
from keras.utils.np_utils import to_categorical
from keras.models import Sequential # 顺序模型
from keras.layers import SimpleRNN, Dense
"""数据读取和预处理"""
(x, y), _ = mnist.load_data()
x = x / 255 # 像素值→[0,1]
y = to_categorical(y, 10) # one-hot编码
"""建模"""
model = Sequential()
model.add(SimpleRNN(units=64, input_shape=(28, 28))) # RNN
model.add(Dense(units=10, activation='softmax')) # 输出层
"""编译"""
model.compile('adam', 'categorical_crossentropy', ['acc'])
"""拟合、取10%样本来验证"""
model.fit(x, y, batch_size=256, epochs=20, verbose=2, validation_split=.1)
文本序列预测
import numpy as np
from keras.models import Sequential # 顺序模型
from keras.layers import Dense, LSTM # 全连接层、LSTM
from keras.utils.np_utils import to_categorical
"""创建样本"""
sequence = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ'
chr2int = {c: i for i, c in enumerate(sequence)}
int2chr = {i: c for i, c in enumerate(sequence)}
seq_len = len(sequence) # 序列总长
window = 4 # 滑窗大小
x_ls, y_ls = [], []
for i in range(seq_len - window):
seq_in = sequence[i: i + window]
seq_out = sequence[i + window]
x_ls.append([chr2int[c] for c in seq_in])
y_ls.append(chr2int[seq_out])
print(seq_in, '->', seq_out)
x = np.reshape(x_ls, (len(x_ls), window, 1)) # 输入维度
y = to_categorical(y_ls) # one-hot编码
"""建模"""
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(40, input_shape=x.shape[1:]))
model.add(Dense(y.shape[1], activation='softmax'))
model.compile('RMSprop', 'categorical_crossentropy', ['acc'])
model.fit(x, y, batch_size=1, epochs=400, verbose=2)
"""预测和评分"""
prediction = np.argmax(model.predict(x), axis=1)
for seq_in, seq_out in zip(x, prediction):
seq_in = [int2chr[i] for i in seq_in.reshape(-1)]
seq_out = int2chr[seq_out]
print(seq_in, '->', seq_out)
acc = model.evaluate(x, y, verbose=2)[1]
print('准确率:%.2f%%' % acc)
余弦曲线拟合
import numpy as np, matplotlib.pyplot as mp
from keras.models import Sequential
from keras.layers import Dense, LSTM
"""创建样本"""
x_len = 1075
x = np.linspace(0, np.pi * 10.75, x_len, endpoint=False)
y = np.cos(x)
window = 75 # 时序滑窗大小
X = [y[i: i + window] for i in range(x_len - window)]
X = np.reshape(X, (-1, window, 1)) # shape (1000, 75, 1)
Y = y[window:].reshape(-1, 1) # shape (1000, 1)
"""建模"""
model = Sequential()
model.add(LSTM(units=50, input_shape=X.shape[1:],
return_sequences=True)) # True返回输出序列的全部
model.add(LSTM(units=100,
return_sequences=False)) # False返回输出序列的最后一个
model.add(Dense(1))
model.compile(optimizer='adam', loss='mse') # 均方误差(Mean Square Error)
model.fit(X, Y, batch_size=100, epochs=10, verbose=2)
"""预测"""
pred_len = 150 # 预测序列长度
for start in range(0, 1000, 200):
x_pred = x[window + start: window + start + pred_len]
y_pred = [] # 存放拟合序列
X_pred = X[start]
for i in range(pred_len):
Y_pred = model.predict(X_pred.reshape(-1, window, 1)) # 预测
y_pred.append(Y_pred[0])
X_pred = np.concatenate((X_pred, Y_pred))[1:] # 窗口滑动
mp.scatter(x_pred[0], y_pred[0], c='r', s=9) # 预测起始点
mp.plot(x_pred, y_pred, 'r') # 预测序列
mp.plot(x, y, 'y', linewidth=5, alpha=0.3) # 原序列
mp.show()
from keras.utils import plot_model
plot_model(model, show_shapes=True, show_layer_names=False)