Spring课程 Spring入门篇 3-2 Spring bean装配(上)之bean的生命周期

本节主要讲了三大块内容

1    bean的生命周期概念

2    bean的初始化和销毁的三种方式对比(代码演练)

3    总结

1    bean的生命周期概念

1.1  bean的定义:xml中关于bean的配置,bean的id和bean的class等。

1.2  bean的初始化:ioc容器启动的时候加载xml文件中的bean生成实例.

1.3  bean的使用:bean容器中取出bean的实例并使用

1.4  bean销毁:指的是bean销毁时回收由这个bean创建的所有bean实例。

2    bean的初始化和销毁的三种方式对比(代码演练)

2.1  xml配置init-method方法

init-method方法实现类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

public class BeanLifeCycle {
    
    //单独bean方法初始化
    public void start(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,init方法执行");
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,destroy方法执行");
    }
    
}

init-method方法xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-init-method="init" default-destroy-method="destroy">

<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="com.imooc.lifecycle.BeanLifeCycle"  init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"></bean> 

</beans>

测试类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Block;

import com.imooc.test.base.UnitTestBase;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestLifeCycle extends UnitTestBase{

    
    public TestLifeCycle() {
        super("classpath*:spring-beanLifeCycle.xml");
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testLifeCycle(){
         super.getbean("beanLifeCycle");
    }
    

}

2.2    实现接口 bean的初始化和销毁 方法

实现类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

public class BeanLifeCycle implements InitializingBean,DisposableBean{

    
    /**
     * 实现接口,覆盖bean 的 初始化和销毁方法
     */
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的初始化方法");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的销毁方法");
        
    }
    
    /*//单独bean方法初始化
    public void start(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,init方法执行");
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,destroy方法执行");
    }*/
    
}

xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-init-method="init" default-destroy-method="destroy">

<!-- init-method="start" destroy-method="stop" -->
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="com.imooc.lifecycle.BeanLifeCycle"></bean> 

</beans>

测试类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Block;

import com.imooc.test.base.UnitTestBase;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestLifeCycle extends UnitTestBase{

    
    public TestLifeCycle() {
        super("classpath*:spring-beanLifeCycle.xml");
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testLifeCycle(){
         super.getbean("beanLifeCycle");
    }
    

}

2.3  全局初始化销毁方法

实现类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

public class BeanLifeCycle {

    
    /**
     * 全局初始化销毁方法
     */
    //init方法名和xml中的配置相关
    private void init() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("全局初始化方法!");
    }
    
    //destroy方法名和xml中的配置相关
    private void destroy() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("全局销毁方法!");
    }
    
    
    
    
    
    
    /**
     * 实现接口,覆盖bean 的 初始化和销毁方法
     */
    /*@Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的初始化方法");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的销毁方法");
        
    }*/
    
    /*//单独bean方法初始化
    public void start(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,init方法执行");
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,destroy方法执行");
    }*/
    
}

xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-init-method="init" default-destroy-method="destroy">

<!-- init-method="start" destroy-method="stop" -->
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="com.imooc.lifecycle.BeanLifeCycle"></bean> 

</beans>

测试类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Block;

import com.imooc.test.base.UnitTestBase;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestLifeCycle extends UnitTestBase{

    
    public TestLifeCycle() {
        super("classpath*:spring-beanLifeCycle.xml");
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testLifeCycle(){
         super.getbean("beanLifeCycle");
    }
    

}

2.4  三种初始化和销毁方法同时执行(注意destroy方法):猜猜会输出什么?

实现类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.DisposableBean;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.InitializingBean;

public class BeanLifeCycle implements InitializingBean,DisposableBean{

    
    /**
     * 全局初始化销毁方法
     */
    //init方法名和xml中的配置相关
    private void init() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("全局初始化方法!");
    }
    
    //destroy方法名和xml中的配置相关
    private void destroy2() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("全局销毁方法!");
    }
    
    
    /**
     * 实现接口,覆盖bean 的 初始化和销毁方法
     */
    @Override
    public void afterPropertiesSet() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的初始化方法");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void destroy() throws Exception {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("实现接口,这里完成bean的销毁方法");
        
    }
    
    //单独bean方法初始化
    public void start(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,init方法执行");
    }
    
    public void stop(){
        System.out.println("单独bean,destroy方法执行");
    }
    
}

xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"
default-init-method="init" default-destroy-method="destroy2">

<!-- init-method="start" destroy-method="stop" -->
<bean id="beanLifeCycle" class="com.imooc.lifecycle.BeanLifeCycle" init-method="start" destroy-method="stop"></bean> 

</beans>

测试类:

package com.imooc.lifecycle;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.internal.runners.JUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.cglib.core.Block;

import com.imooc.test.base.UnitTestBase;

@RunWith(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestLifeCycle extends UnitTestBase{

    
    public TestLifeCycle() {
        super("classpath*:spring-beanLifeCycle.xml");
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    
    @Test
    public void testLifeCycle(){
         super.getbean("beanLifeCycle");
    }
    

}

测试结果:

二月 24, 2019 8:42:21 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@2e9a6f43: startup date [Sun Feb 24 08:42:21 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
二月 24, 2019 8:42:21 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from URL [file:/F:/xiangmu3/Xin/FuQiang/Spring/ddwei-dao/target/classes/spring-beanLifeCycle.xml]
实现接口,这里完成bean的初始化方法
单独bean,init方法执行
二月 24, 2019 8:42:22 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext doClose
信息: Closing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@2e9a6f43: startup date [Sun Feb 24 08:42:21 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
实现接口,这里完成bean的销毁方法
单独bean,destroy方法执行

3    总结

bean有默认的初始化销毁方法a,实现接口初始化销毁方法b,配置bean的初始化销毁方法c。

3.1  如果b和c没有声明实现,那么会默认执行a

3.2  如果有bc任何一种方法,不管是否有默认方法a,都不会执行方法a

3.3  如果至少有bc两种方法,那么会优先执行方法b。

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/1446358788-qq/p/10425291.html