1.安装vsftpd服务器
root@ubuntu:/home# su - python
python@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd
[sudo] python 的密码：
正在读取软件包列表... 完成
正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
正在读取状态信息... 完成
vsftpd 已经是最新版 (3.0.3-3ubuntu2)。
下列软件包是自动安装的并且现在不需要了：
linux-headers-4.4.0-121 linux-headers-4.4.0-121-generic linux-headers-4.4.0-22 linux-headers-4.4.0-22-generic
linux-image-4.4.0-121-generic linux-image-4.4.0-22-generic linux-image-extra-4.4.0-121-generic
linux-image-extra-4.4.0-22-generic
使用'sudo apt autoremove'来卸载它(它们)。
升级了 0 个软件包，新安装了 0 个软件包，要卸载 0 个软件包，有 378 个软件包未被升级。
python@ubuntu:~$
2.配置vsftpd.conf
2.1打开vsftpd.conf并修改
python@ubuntu:~$ sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.conf
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
2 #
3 # The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
4 # loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
5 # Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
6 #
7 # READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
8 # Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
9 # capabilities.
10 #
11 #
12 # Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
13 # daemon started from an initscript.
14 listen=NO
15 #
16 # This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
17 # on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
18 # and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
19 # sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
20 # addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
21 # files.
22 listen_ipv6=YES
23 #
24 # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
25 anonymous_enable=NO ***不允许匿名用户登录***
26 #
27 # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
28 local_enable=YES ***允许本机登录***
29 #
30 # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
31 write_enable=YES ***允许上传文件到ftp服务器***
32 #
33 # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
34 # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
35 #local_umask=022
36 #
37 # Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
38 # has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
39 # obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
40 #anon_upload_enable=YES
41 #
42 # Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
43 # new directories.
44 #anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
45 #
46 # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
47 # go into a certain directory.
48 dirmessage_enable=YES
49 #
50 # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
51 # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
52 # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
53 # option.
54 use_localtime=YES
55 #
56 # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
57 xferlog_enable=YES
58 #
59 # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
60 connect_from_port_20=YES
61 #
62 # If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
63 # a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
64 # recommended!
65 #chown_uploads=YES
66 #chown_username=whoever
67 #
68 # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
69 # below.
70 #xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
71 #
72 # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
73 # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
74 #xferlog_std_format=YES
75 #
76 # You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
77 #idle_session_timeout=600
78 #
79 # You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
80 #data_connection_timeout=120
81 #
82 # It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
83 # ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
84 #nopriv_user=ftpsecure
85 #
86 # Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
87 # recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
88 # however, may confuse older FTP clients.
89 #async_abor_enable=YES
90 #
91 # By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
92 # the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
93 # mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
94 # Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
95 # attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
96 # predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
97 # raw file.
98 # ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
99 #ascii_upload_enable=YES
100 #ascii_download_enable=YES
101 #
102 # You may fully customise the login banner string:
103 #ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
104 #
105 # You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
106 # useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
107 #deny_email_enable=YES
108 # (default follows)
109 #banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
110 #
111 # You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
112 # the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
113 # chroot_list_enable below.
114 #chroot_local_user=YES
115 #
116 # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
117 # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
118 # users to NOT chroot().
119 # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
120 # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
121 # chroot)
122 #chroot_local_user=YES
123 chroot_list_enable=YES
124 # (default follows)
125 chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list ***允许vsftpd.chroot_list
文件中的用户进行登录ftp服务器***
126 #
127 # You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
128 # default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
129 # sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
130 # the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
131 #ls_recurse_enable=YES
132 #
133 # Customization
134 #
135 # Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
136 # default.
137 #
138 # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
139 # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
140 # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
141 # access.
142 secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
143 #
144 # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
145 pam_service_name=vsftpd
146 #
147 # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
148 # encrypted connections.
149 rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
150 rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
151 ssl_enable=NO
152
153 #
154 # Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
155 #utf8_filesystem=YES
156 #
157 # python added
158 local_root=/home/python/ftp ***指定ftp上传下载目录***
-
图片
打开vsftpd.conf
不允许匿名用户登录
指定ftp上传下载目录
允许本机登录
允许登录
上传文件到ftp服务器
2.2建立vsftpd.chroot_list并将Ubuntu的一个用户名放在此文件中
python@ubuntu:~$ sudo vi /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
-
放入登录ftp服务器的用户名
登录用户名python
2.3是ftp文件夹的拥有者没有写权限
- 建立ftp文件夹于/home/python
python@ubuntu:~$ mkdir ftp
python@ubuntu:~$ ls
1.py Desktop Downloads examples.desktop Music Public Videos
dbs Documents dump.rdb ftp Pictures Templates workspace
- 查看ftp的权限
- ftp文件夹的权限改为555
python@ubuntu:~$ ls -lh
总用量 64K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python 49 5月 31 10:15 1.py
drwxrwxr-x 2 python python 4.0K 7月 30 2016 dbs
drwxr-xr-x 4 python python 4.0K 6月 5 15:08 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 python python 4.0K 5月 17 2016 Downloads
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python 18 7月 30 2016 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 python python 8.8K 5月 16 2016 examples.desktop
drwxrwxr-x 2 python python 4.0K 6月 6 01:17 ftp
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Videos
drwxrwxr-x 2 python python 4.0K 6月 14 2016 workspace
python@ubuntu:~$ chmod 555 ftp
python@ubuntu:~$ ls -lh
总用量 64K
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python 49 5月 31 10:15 1.py
drwxrwxr-x 2 python python 4.0K 7月 30 2016 dbs
drwxr-xr-x 4 python python 4.0K 6月 5 15:08 Desktop
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Documents
drwxr-xr-x 3 python python 4.0K 5月 17 2016 Downloads
-rw-rw-r-- 1 python python 18 7月 30 2016 dump.rdb
-rw-r--r-- 1 python python 8.8K 5月 16 2016 examples.desktop
dr-xr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 6月 6 01:17 ftp
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Music
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Pictures
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Public
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Templates
drwxr-xr-x 2 python python 4.0K 5月 16 2016 Videos
drwxrwxr-x 2 python python 4.0K 6月 14 2016 workspace
python@ubuntu:~$
2.4在ftp文件夹中建立share文件夹作为ftp客户端上传下载的文件夹
python@ubuntu:~$ cd ftp
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ mkdir share
mkdir: 无法创建目录"share": 权限不够
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ sudo mkdir share
[sudo] python 的密码：
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ pwd
/home/python/ftp
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ ls -l
总用量 4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 6月 6 01:30 share
2.5重启ftp服务器,是配置的vsftpd.conf生效
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ sudo /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
[ ok ] Restarting vsftpd (via systemctl): vsftpd.service.
3.测试上传功能,登录ftp服务器
链接ftp服务器
4.将文件上传到ftp服务器
- 上传命令
- 要想上传成功，还需要将share的权限改为可写
put somefile
5.将ftp服务器上的文件下载到本地
get somefile
6.图形界面客户端登录ftp服务器(filezilla)
filezilla
- 要想上传成功，需要将share文件夹的权限改为可写
python@ubuntu:~/ftp/share$ cd ..
python@ubuntu:~/ftp$ sudo chmod 777 share