SpringMVC在实际的开发应用过程中,通常采用注解的方式。
第一步,告知Spring,Controller放在哪个路径下,让Spring容器自动去寻找和装配Controller。
<context:component-scan base-package="org.lian.controller"/>
第二步,SpringMVC中HandlerMapping和HandlerAdapter是成对出现,接下来就是配置这两个对象。
<!-- 采用注解的方式 HandlerMapping 和 HandlerAdapter--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <util:list id="beanList"> <ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/> <ref bean="gsonHttpMessageConverter"/> </util:list> </property> </bean> <bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 通过Gson来进行Json数据格式转化 配置转化器 --> <bean id="gsonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean>
对于不同格式数据要配置不同的Converter数据转化器,上面的配置中要处理JSON格式的数据,配置了JSON转化器,使用Gson来处理json数据,配置相应的转化器类。
第三步 路径映射和返回数据
@RequestMapping("city") @Controller public class CityController { private CityService cityService; public CityService getCityService() { return cityService; } @Autowired public void setCityService(CityService cityService) { this.cityService = cityService; } /** * * @description TODO * @return * @return ModelAndView */ @RequestMapping(path = "/view/list", method = RequestMethod.GET) public ModelAndView listProvincePage() { ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView(); mv.setViewName("division/cityList"); return mv; } @RequestMapping(path = "/handler/list", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) @ResponseBody public String listCity(@RequestBody Map<String, String> request) { /** * 方法中参数 如果使用 Map<String,Object>类型, 那么SpringMVC绑定参数在这里会将数值解析为float类型 * * 如limit 10 会解析成 10.0 * */ int limit = Integer.parseInt(request.get(BootstrapTableContants.LIMIT)); int offset = Integer.parseInt(request.get(BootstrapTableContants.OFFSET)); return cityService.pageCity(null, offset, limit); } @RequestMapping(path = "/handler/listProvince", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) @ResponseBody public String listProvince() { return cityService.listProvince(); } @RequestMapping(path = "/handler/add", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) @ResponseBody public String addCity(@RequestBody City city) { return cityService.addCity(city); } @RequestMapping(path = "/handler/edit", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) @ResponseBody public String editCity(@RequestBody City city) { return cityService.editCity(city); } @RequestMapping(path = "/handler/delete", method = RequestMethod.POST, produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE) @ResponseBody public String deleteCity(@RequestBody City city) { return cityService.deleteCityById(city.getCityId()); } }
在返回ModelAndView是返回视图层更具体的是指JSP页面,如果要返回JSON格式数据,可以通过Gson在程序里将手动转化,也可直接将对象返回,因为在前面已经配置了转化器,SpringMVC会通过合适自动给转化。需要特别指出在返回JSON数据时要使用@ResponseBody。
SpringMVC允许访问静态资源,脚本图片CSS等,需要添加下面的配置
<!-- 开启静态资源缓存 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"> <mvc:cache-control max-age="3600" cache-public="true"/> </mvc:resources> <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"> </mvc:resources> -->
最后完整的SpringMVC配置如下,特别指出需要处理特殊数据,需要配置其他的转化器,这里没有全部罗列,并且也没有提到SpringMVC上传文件需要的转化器等。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="org.lian.controller"/> <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 根据 Bean的name来映射路径--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/> <!-- <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleServletHandlerAdapter"/> --> <!-- 根路径/ 不可省略 否则找不到对象 --> <bean name="/helloWorld" class="org.lian.controller.HelloWorldController"/> <!-- 采用注解的方式 HandlerMapping 和 HandlerAdapter--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"> <property name="messageConverters"> <util:list id="beanList"> <ref bean="stringHttpMessageConverter"/> <ref bean="gsonHttpMessageConverter"/> </util:list> </property> </bean> <bean id="stringHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 通过Gson来进行Json数据格式转化 配置转化器 --> <bean id="gsonHttpMessageConverter" class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.GsonHttpMessageConverter"> <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> <list> <value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value> <value>application/json;charset=UTF-8</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 开启静态资源缓存 --> <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"> <mvc:cache-control max-age="3600" cache-public="true"/> </mvc:resources> <!-- <mvc:resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/"> </mvc:resources> --> </beans>