用类反射的方式来减少Servlet数量(建立BaseServlet)

  • 原理:
    从客户端向服务端发起请求,每次都要传递额外的键值对的数据
    method = ””
    服务端获取到method对应的内容之后,通过判断不同的内容调用不同的功能
    覆写service()方法
    以后的Servlet要继承BaseServlet类,而非HttpServlet类

  • Servlet生命周期

    1. Servlet 通过调用 init () 方法进行初始化。它在第一次创建 Servlet 时被调用,在后续每次用户请求时不再调用。
    2. Servlet 调用 service() 方法来处理客户端的请求。每次服务器接收到一个 Servlet 请求时,服务器会产生一个新的线程并调用服务。service() 方法检查 HTTP 请求类型(GET、POST、PUT、DELETE 等),并在适当的时候调用 doGet、doPost、doPut,doDelete 等方法。
    3. Servlet 通过调用 destroy() 方法终止(结束)。只会被调用一次,在 Servlet 生命周期结束时被调用。destroy() 方法可以让您的 Servlet 关闭数据库连接、停止后台线程、把 Cookie 列表或点击计数器写入到磁盘,并执行其他类似的清理活动。在调用 destroy() 方法之后,servlet 对象被标记为垃圾回收。
    4. 最后,Servlet 是由 JVM 的垃圾回收器进行垃圾回收的。
  • BaseServlet.java

import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class BaseServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    public void service(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("service.....");
        //获取客户端提交到服务端的method对应的值
        String md = request.getParameter("method");
        //定义变量,存放功能执行完毕之后要转发的路径
        String path = null;
        //获取到当前字节码对象(ServletDemo.class在内存中对象)
        Class clazz = this.getClass();
        try {
            //获取clazz上名称为md方法
            Method method = clazz.getMethod(md, HttpServletRequest.class, HttpServletResponse.class);
            if(null != method){
                //调用找到的方法
                path = (String)method.invoke(this, request, response);
            }
            if(null != path){
                //服务端的转发
                request.getRequestDispatcher(path).forward(request, response);
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
    }
}
  • StuServlet.java
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import cn.nwpu.servlet.baseservlet.BaseServlet;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class StuServlet extends BaseServlet {
    String path = "/test.jsp";

    public String addStu(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("添加学生");
        return path;
    }

    public String deleteStu(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("删除学生");
        return path;
    }

    public String updateStu(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("更新信息");
        return path;
    }

    public String selectStu(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
            throws ServletException, IOException {
        System.out.println("查询学生");
        path = null;
        response.getWriter().println("find sth");
        return path;
    }

}
  • index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
    String path = request.getContextPath();
    String basepath = request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort()
            + path + "/";
    out.println(basepath); // http://localhost:8080/BaseServlet/
%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>index page</title>
<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.11.3.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function fun() {
        $.get("<%=path%>/StuServlet", {
            "method" : "selectStu",
            "user" : "tom"
        }, function(data) {
            alert(data);
        });
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- 1. 通过表单向服务端发起请求 -->
    <form action="<%=path%>/StuServlet?method=addStu" method="post">
        <button>form表单post提交</button>
    </form>
    <br />
    <!-- 2. 通过链接向服务端发起请求 -->
    <a href="<%=path%>/StuServlet?method=deleteStu">超链接</a>
    <br />
    <!-- 3. Ajax向服务端发起请求 -->
    <button onclick="fun()">Ajax方式</button>
</body>
</html>
  • test.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>test page</title>
</head>
<body>
test.jsp
</body>
</html>

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_34378045/article/details/87001090