LeetCode Ex12 Integer to Roman

Integer to Roman

Roman numerals are represented by seven different symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D and M.
Symbol Value
I 1
V 5
X 10
L 50
C 100
D 500
M 1000

For example, two is written as II in Roman numeral, just two one's added together. Twelve is written as, XII, which is simply X + II. The number twenty seven is written as XXVII, which is XX + V + II.

Roman numerals are usually written largest to smallest from left to right. However, the numeral for four is not IIII. Instead, the number four is written as IV. Because the one is before the five we subtract it making four. The same principle applies to the number nine, which is written as IX. There are six instances where subtraction is used:

I can be placed before V (5) and X (10) to make 4 and 9.
X can be placed before L (50) and C (100) to make 40 and 90.
C can be placed before D (500) and M (1000) to make 400 and 900.
Given an integer, convert it to a roman numeral. Input is guaranteed to be within the range from 1 to 3999.

Example 1:
Input: 3
Output: "III"

Example 2:
Input: 4
Output: "IV"

Example 3:
Input: 9
Output: "IX"

Example 4:
Input: 58
Output: "LVIII"
Explanation: L = 50, V = 5, III = 3.

Example 5:
Input: 1994
Output: "MCMXCIV"
Explanation: M = 1000, CM = 900, XC = 90 and IV = 4.

题目

该题是将整型数字转化为罗马数字。方法是创建一个罗马数字初始数组，通过不断调用该数组来构成罗马数字。

    public String intToRoman(int num) {
        int[] values = { 1000, 900, 500, 400, 100, 90, 50, 40, 10, 9, 5, 4, 1 };
        String[] strs = { "M", "CM", "D", "CD", "C", "XC", "L", "XL", "X", "IX", "V", "IV", "I" };
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
            while (num >= values[i]) {
                num -= values[i];
                sb.append(strs[i]);
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

还有种方法是获取数字的各位，然后再相应的罗马数字数组中查找并合并

    public static String intToRoman(int num) {
        String M[] = { "", "M", "MM", "MMM" };
        String C[] = { "", "C", "CC", "CCC", "CD", "D", "DC", "DCC", "DCCC", "CM" };
        String X[] = { "", "X", "XX", "XXX", "XL", "L", "LX", "LXX", "LXXX", "XC" };
        String I[] = { "", "I", "II", "III", "IV", "V", "VI", "VII", "VIII", "IX" };
        return M[num / 1000] + C[(num % 1000) / 100] + X[(num % 100) / 10] + I[num % 10];
    }