虚拟主机
web服务发布需要满足三个先觉条件即，IP、PORT、域名；
一个web服务器默认只能发布一个web；
为了节省资源成本，发布多个web就需要虚拟主机，所以，虚拟主机就是把一台服务器划分为多个"虚拟"的服务器，每一个虚拟主机都可以由独立的域名和独立的目录。
基于IP的虚拟主机
基于IP在一台主机上发布多个web需要满足的条件就是该主机拥有两个及两个以上的IP
测试时不满足多网卡，所以创建一个虚拟网卡，配置如下
[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 10.16.0.100/24 up
server {
listen 10.16.0.9:81;
#server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html/a;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 10.16.0.100:81;
#server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html/b;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
基于端口
顾名思义基于端口表示端口不能重复
server {
listen 81;
#server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html/a;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 82;
#server_name localhost;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html/b;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
基于域名
域名这里涉及到DNS解析，域名需要能够被解析到才可以访问，所以需要将域名添加到/etc/hosts
[root@localhost conf]# cat /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 10.16.0.9 www.a.com 10.16.0.9 www.b.com
nginx配置如下：
server {
listen 81;
server_name www.a.com;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html/a;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
server {
listen 81;
server_name www.b.com;
charset utf-8;
location / {
root html/b;
index index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
}
访问测试：
[root@localhost conf]# curl http://www.a.com:81 this is web a [root@localhost conf]# curl http://www.b.com:81 this is web b