上文中我们介绍了安装hbase 的伪分布式安装 ，下面介绍一个hbase shell 的简单使用
当hbase 启动之后 进入 bin 目录下 使用 ./hbase shell 进入hbase shell 操作界面
[root@hadoop bin]# ./hbase shell
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/apps/soft/hadoop-2.7.5/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/apps/soft/hbase-2.1.1/lib/client-facing-thirdparty/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.25.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell
Use "help" to get list of supported commands.
Use "exit" to quit this interactive shell.
For Reference, please visit: http://hbase.apache.org/2.0/book.html#shell
Version 2.1.1, rb60a92d6864ef27295027f5961cb46f9162d7637, Fri Oct 26 19:27:03 PDT 2018
Took 0.0052 seconds
hbase(main):001:0>
主要介绍一下 curd 的操作
我们输入help 参看帮助
会发现有这么一行
Group name: ddl
Commands: alter, alter_async, alter_status, clone_table_schema, create, describe, disable, disable_all, drop, drop_all, enable, enable_all, exists, get_table, is_disabled, is_enabled, list, list_regions, locate_region, show_filters
1.创建表
输入help 'create'
Create a table with namespace=ns1 and table qualifier=t1
hbase> create 'ns1:t1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}
Create a table with namespace=default and table qualifier=t1
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2'}, {NAME => 'f3'}
hbase> # The above in shorthand would be the following:
hbase> create 't1', 'f1', 'f2', 'f3'
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 1, TTL => 2592000, BLOCKCACHE => true}
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hstore.blockingStoreFiles' => '10'}}
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', IS_MOB => true, MOB_THRESHOLD => 1000000, MOB_COMPACT_PARTITION_POLICY => 'weekly'}
Table configuration options can be put at the end.
Examples:
hbase> create 'ns1:t1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS => ['10', '20', '30', '40']
hbase> create 't1', 'f1', SPLITS_FILE => 'splits.txt', OWNER => 'johndoe'
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5}, METADATA => { 'mykey' => 'myvalue' }
hbase> # Optionally pre-split the table into NUMREGIONS, using
hbase> # SPLITALGO ("HexStringSplit", "UniformSplit" or classname)
hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit'}
hbase> create 't1', 'f1', {NUMREGIONS => 15, SPLITALGO => 'HexStringSplit', REGION_REPLICATION => 2, CONFIGURATION => {'hbase.hregion.scan.loadColumnFamiliesOnDemand' => 'true'}}
hbase> create 't1', {NAME => 'f1', DFS_REPLICATION => 1}
You can also keep around a reference to the created table:
会看到hbase 给出的一些创建表的例子下面我们创建一个user表
create 'user','info'
- list
使用list 查看已经创建的表
hbase(main):013:0> list
TABLE
member
user
2 row(s)
Took 0.0634 seconds
=> ["member", "user"]
hbase(main):014:0>
- 查看表信息
hbase(main):016:0> describe 'user'
Table user is ENABLED
user
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'info', VERSIONS => '1', EVICT_BLOCKS_ON_CLOSE => 'false', NEW_VERSION_BEHAVIOR => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', CACHE_DATA_ON_WRITE => 'false', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'N
ONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', MIN_VERSIONS => '0', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', CACHE_INDEX_ON_WRITE => 'false', IN_MEMORY => 'false', CACHE_BLOOMS_ON_WRITE => 'false', PREFETC
H_BLOCKS_ON_OPEN => 'false', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536'}
1 row(s)
Took 0.3366 seconds
- 插入数据
hbase(main):017:0> help 'put'
Put a cell 'value' at specified table/row/column and optionally
timestamp coordinates. To put a cell value into table 'ns1:t1' or 't1'
at row 'r1' under column 'c1' marked with the time 'ts1', do:
hbase> put 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}
The same commands also can be run on a table reference. Suppose you had a reference
t to table 't1', the corresponding command would be:
hbase> t.put 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase(main):018:0> put 'user' ,'10001','info:name','zhangsan'
Took 0.1389 seconds
hbase(main):019:0> put 'user' ,'10001','info:age','20'
Took 0.0122 seconds
hbase(main):020:0> put 'user' ,'10001','info:sex','male'
Took 0.0142 seconds
hbase(main):021:0>
- 查询
在hbase 中查询方法有三种
5.1 raw key
hbase(main):021:0> help 'get'
Get row or cell contents; pass table name, row, and optionally
a dictionary of column(s), timestamp, timerange and versions. Examples:
hbase> get 'ns1:t1', 'r1'
hbase> get 't1', 'r1'
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2]}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1'}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => ['c1', 'c2', 'c3']}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2], VERSIONS => 4}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1, VERSIONS => 4}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {FILTER => "ValueFilter(=, 'binary:abc')"}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1'
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'c2'
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', ['c1', 'c2']
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', ATTRIBUTES => {'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', AUTHORIZATIONS => ['PRIVATE','SECRET']}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE'}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE', REGION_REPLICA_ID => 1}
Besides the default 'toStringBinary' format, 'get' also supports custom formatting by
column. A user can define a FORMATTER by adding it to the column name in the get
specification. The FORMATTER can be stipulated:
1. either as a org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes method name (e.g, toInt, toString)
2. or as a custom class followed by method name: e.g. 'c(MyFormatterClass).format'.
Example formatting cf:qualifier1 and cf:qualifier2 both as Integers:
hbase> get 't1', 'r1' {COLUMN => ['cf:qualifier1:toInt',
'cf:qualifier2:c(org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes).toInt'] }
Note that you can specify a FORMATTER by column only (cf:qualifier). You can set a
formatter for all columns (including, all key parts) using the "FORMATTER"
and "FORMATTER_CLASS" options. The default "FORMATTER_CLASS" is
"org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes".
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {FORMATTER => 'toString'}
hbase> get 't1', 'r1', {FORMATTER_CLASS => 'org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes', FORMATTER => 'toString'}
The same commands also can be run on a reference to a table (obtained via get_table or
create_table). Suppose you had a reference t to table 't1', the corresponding commands
would be:
hbase> t.get 'r1'
hbase> t.get 'r1', {TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2]}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1'}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {COLUMN => ['c1', 'c2', 'c3']}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMERANGE => [ts1, ts2], VERSIONS => 4}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {COLUMN => 'c1', TIMESTAMP => ts1, VERSIONS => 4}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {FILTER => "ValueFilter(=, 'binary:abc')"}
hbase> t.get 'r1', 'c1'
hbase> t.get 'r1', 'c1', 'c2'
hbase> t.get 'r1', ['c1', 'c2']
hbase> t.get 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE'}
hbase> t.get 'r1', {CONSISTENCY => 'TIMELINE', REGION_REPLICA_ID => 1}
hbase(main):022:0> get 'user','10001'
COLUMN CELL
info:age timestamp=1546781176376, value=20
info:name timestamp=1546781146472, value=zhangsan
info:sex timestamp=1546781189856, value=male
1 row(s)
Took 0.0754 seconds
5.2 范围查询
hbase(main):001:0> scan 'user' ,{STARTROW=>'10002'}
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10002 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781446181, value=28
10002 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781436003, value=lisi
10003 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781517096, value=28
10003 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781533284, value=wangwu
2 row(s)
Took 0.7878 seconds
hbase(main):002:0>
5.3 全表扫描
hbase(main):025:0> scan 'user'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10001 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781176376, value=20
10001 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781146472, value=zhangsan
10001 column=info:sex, timestamp=1546781189856, value=male
10002 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781446181, value=28
10002 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781436003, value=lisi
2 row(s)
Took 0.0291 seconds
- 删除数据
hbase(main):012:0> deleteall 'user','10001'
Took 0.0760 seconds
hbase(main):013:0> scan 'user'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10002 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781446181, value=28
10002 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781436003, value=lisi
10003 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781517096, value=28
10003 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781533284, value=wangwu
2 row(s)
Took 0.0214 seconds
hbase(main):014:0> delete 'user','10002','info:name'
Took 0.0083 seconds
hbase(main):015:0> scan 'user'
ROW COLUMN+CELL
10002 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781446181, value=28
10003 column=info:age, timestamp=1546781517096, value=28
10003 column=info:name, timestamp=1546781533284, value=wangwu
2 row(s)
Took 0.0114 seconds
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