并发编程(20)LinkedBlockingQueue

LinkedBlockingQueue是用链表实现的有界阻塞队列,同样满足FIFO的特性,与ArrayBlockingQueue相比起来具有更高的吞吐量,为了防止LinkedBlockingQueue容量迅速增,损耗大量内存。通常在创建LinkedBlockingQueue对象时,会指定其大小,如果未指定,容量等于Integer.MAX_VALUE。

LinkedBlockingQueue的主要属性

private final AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
transient Node<E> head;
private transient Node<E> last;
private final ReentrantLock takeLock = new ReentrantLock();
private final Condition notEmpty = takeLock.newCondition();
private final ReentrantLock putLock = new ReentrantLock();
private final Condition notFull = putLock.newCondition();

与ArrayBlockingQueue主要的区别是,LinkedBlockingQueue在插入数据和删除数据时分别是由两个不同的lock(takeLock和putLock)来控制线程安全的,因此,也由这两个lock生成了两个对应的condition(notEmpty和notFull)来实现可阻塞的插入和删除数据。并且,采用了链表的数据结构来实现队列,Node结点的定义为:

static class Node<E> {
    E item;
    Node<E> next;
    Node(E x) { item = x; }
}

put方法

public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {
    if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();
    int c = -1;
    Node<E> node = new Node<E>(e);
    final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
    final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
    putLock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        //如果队列已满,则阻塞当前线程,将其移入等待队列
        while (count.get() == capacity) {
            notFull.await();
        }
        //入队操作,插入数据
        enqueue(node);
        c = count.getAndIncrement();
        //若队列满足插入数据的条件,则通知被阻塞的生产者线程
        if (c + 1 < capacity)
            notFull.signal();
    } finally {
        putLock.unlock();
    }
    if (c == 0)
        signalNotEmpty();
}

基本上和ArrayBlockingQueue的put方法一样。

take方法

public E take() throws InterruptedException {
    E x;
    int c = -1;
    final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
    final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
    takeLock.lockInterruptibly();
    try {
        //当前队列为空,则阻塞当前线程,将其移入到等待队列中,直至满足条件
        while (count.get() == 0) {
            notEmpty.await();
        }
        //移除队头元素,获取数据
        x = dequeue();
        c = count.getAndDecrement();
        //如果当前满足移除元素的条件,则通知被阻塞的消费者线程
        if (c > 1)
            notEmpty.signal();
    } finally {
        takeLock.unlock();
    }
    if (c == capacity)
        signalNotFull();
    return x;
}

ArrayBlockingQueue与LinkedBlockingQueue的比较

相同点:

ArrayBlockingQueue和LinkedBlockingQueue都是通过condition通知机制来实现可阻塞式插入和删除元素,并满足线程安全的特性;

不同点:

1、ArrayBlockingQueue底层是采用的数组进行实现,而LinkedBlockingQueue则是采用链表数据结构;

2、ArrayBlockingQueue插入和删除数据,只采用了一个lock,而LinkedBlockingQueue则是在插入和删除分别采用了putLock和takeLock,这样可以降低线程由于线程无法获取到lock而进入WAITING状态的可能性,从而提高了线程并发执行的效率。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq40988670/article/details/86620113