Spring Web MVC示例。

1、项目目录结构。其实现在只关注spring-webmvc模块。

2、将spring-webmvc模块展开之后，该模块的目录结构如下图。

3、src目录完全展开如下图所示。

4、app-context.xml文件内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc.web"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"/>
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

5、web.xml文件中内容：

<web-app>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/app-context.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>app</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

6、pom.xml文件中内容：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <parent>
        <artifactId>spring-application</artifactId>
        <groupId>com.imooc</groupId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- Spring Web Mvc依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Servlet 3.0 Api 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- 在SpringBoot中集成tomcat插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
                <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>tomcat-run</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>exec-war-only</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <configuration>
                            <!-- ServletContext path -->
                            <path>/</path>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

7、HelloWorldController.java中内容：

package com.imooc.web.controller;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorldController {

    @RequestMapping("")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldController.class, args);
    }
}

8、在cmd命令行窗口中使用mvn命令为spring-webmvc打包。

C:\Users\Administrator.USER-20190103IR>d:

D:\360安全浏览器下载\spring-application\spring-webmvc>mvn -Dmaven.test.skip -U c
lean package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
Downloading from spring-milestones: https://repo.spring.io/milestone/org/springf
ramework/boot/spring-boot-starter-parent/2.2.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/maven-metadata.xml

则在target文件夹下会生成：spring-webmvc-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war和spring-webmvc-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-war-exec.jar文件。将spring-webmvc-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war文件复制到.extract/webapp目录下，并将文件重命名为ROOT.war。如下图。

9、使用java-jar执行spring-webmvc-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-war-exec.jar文件。

D:\360安全浏览器下载\spring-application\spring-webmvc>java -jar target\spring-we
bmvc-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT-war-exec.jar
一月 11, 2019 4:45:41 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
信息: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
一月 11, 2019 4:45:41 下午 org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInterna
l

但是还会有一些小小的错误：

但最终还是启动了tomcat：

访问http://localhost:8080/

End。