[安卓开发基础] 拍照Camera

安卓 6.0 以上除了清单文件申明权限外，还要动态申请权限。

<!-- 授予程序可以向SD卡中保存文件的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<!-- 授予程序使用摄像头的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/>
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.autofocus"/>
<uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera"/>

1.帧布布局：

package com.camera;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.MediaStore;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.WindowManager;


import android.widget.ImageButton;
import android.widget.Toast;

import com.zengjx.androidbaseproject.R;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

import permissions.dispatcher.NeedsPermission;
import permissions.dispatcher.OnShowRationale;
import permissions.dispatcher.RuntimePermissions;
import permissions.dispatcher.PermissionRequest;
@RuntimePermissions
public class CameraActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
     private ImageButton   imageButton_Camera,imageButton_PreView;
     private SurfaceView   surfaceView;
     SurfaceHolder   surfaceHolder;
     private    boolean    isPreView=false;
     private Camera  camera;
     private   final   String   TAG="CameraActivity";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_camera);
        setTitle("相机");
        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
       //sdcard
        if(!android.os.Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){
            Toast.makeText(this,"SD未安装",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
        initView();
    }
    //实现将照片保存到系统图库中
    final Camera.PictureCallback jpeg2 = new Camera.PictureCallback() {  //照片回调函数
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {
            // 根据拍照所得的数据创建位图
            final Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0,
                    data.length);
            camera.stopPreview();        //停止预览
            isPreView = false;         //设置为非预览状态
            //获取sd卡根目录
            File appDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(), "/DCIM/Camera/");
            if (!appDir.exists()) {      //如果该目录不存在
                appDir.mkdir();          //就创建该目录

            }
            String fileName = System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg"; //将获取当前系统时间设置为照片名称
            File file = new File(appDir, fileName);  //创建文件对象

            try {  //保存拍到的图片
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);  //创建一个文件输出流对象
                bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, fos);  //将图片内容压缩为JPEG格式输出到输出流对象中
                fos.flush();                                        //将缓冲区中的数据全部写出到输出流中
                fos.close();                                        //关闭文件输出流对象
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            //将照片插入到系统图库
            try {
                MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(CameraActivity.this.getContentResolver(),
                        file.getAbsolutePath(), fileName, null);
            } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            // 最后通知图库更新
            CameraActivity.this.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE,
                    Uri.parse("file://" + "")));
            Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this, "照片保存至：" + file, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
            resetCamera(); //调用重新预览resetCamera()方法
        }
    };









    final     Camera.PictureCallback    jpeg = new Camera.PictureCallback() {
        @Override
        public void onPictureTaken(byte[] bytes, Camera camera) {
            //1根据拍照创建位图对象
            final  Bitmap   bitmap= BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bytes,0,bytes.length);
            camera.stopPreview();  // 2停止预览
            //3标志位 复位为  非预览
            isPreView=false;
            //4获取Sd 目录  目录不存在  创建目录
          //  String   dir=Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"/DICM/Camera/";
         //   Log.i(TAG,"dir="+dir);

            File    appDir=new  File( Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"/DICM/Camera/");
            if(!appDir.exists()){
                Log.i(TAG,"创建目录");
                appDir.mkdir();//目录不存在创建
                Log.i(TAG,"创建目录--2"+appDir.exists());
            }else{
                Log.i(TAG,"目录存在");
            }
            //保存拍到的图片
            String    fileName=System.currentTimeMillis()+".jpg";//系统时间作为图片名称
            File   file= new File(appDir,fileName);//创建文件对象
            try{ //拍到图片
                FileOutputStream    fos =new FileOutputStream(file);  //创建文件输出流对象
                //将图片压缩为JPEG 格式 输出到文件输出流
                bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG,100,fos);
                fos.flush();//将缓冲区中的数据全部写出到输出流中
                fos.close();//关闭文件输出流对象
                Log.i(TAG,"关闭文件输出流对象");

            }catch (FileNotFoundException  e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            //将图片插入到系统图库
            try{
                MediaStore.Images.Media.insertImage(CameraActivity.this.getContentResolver(), file.getAbsolutePath(), fileName, null);
            }catch (FileNotFoundException  e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
           //最后通知图库更新
            // CameraActivity.this.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE, Uri.parse("file://"+"")));
            // 最后通知图库更新
            CameraActivity.this.sendBroadcast(new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MEDIA_SCANNER_SCAN_FILE,
                    Uri.parse("file://" + "")));
            Toast.makeText(CameraActivity.this,"图片保存至"+file,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            resetCamera();//重新预览
        }

    };
    public   void     resetCamera(){
        if(!isPreView){
            isPreView=true;
           camera.startPreview();
        }
    }
    public   void   initView(){

        surfaceView =(SurfaceView) findViewById(R.id.surface);
        //获取  SurfaceHolder
          surfaceHolder  =surfaceView.getHolder();
        //设置  sufaceholder 不自己维护缓冲
        surfaceHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);
        imageButton_Camera=  (ImageButton) findViewById(R.id.btn_camera) ;
          imageButton_PreView= (ImageButton)findViewById(R.id.btn_preview);
        imageButton_Camera.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                if(camera!=null){
                camera.takePicture(null,null,jpeg);
                }

            }
        });




        imageButton_PreView.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {

                if(!isPreView){

                  //  cameratest();
                   // checkselfPermisssion2();
                    cameratest();
                }

            }
        });
    }



/*
    @NeedsPermission(Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.p)
    void camera() {
        {
            camera=Camera.open();
            if(camera==null){
               Toast.makeText(this,"无权限",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
              return;
            }


            isPreView=true;
            try {
                camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
                //获取摄像头参数
                Camera.Parameters   parameters  = camera.getParameters();
                parameters.setPictureSize(640,480);
                parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);
                parameters.set("jpeg-quality",80);
                //重新设置摄像头参数
                camera.setParameters(parameters);//重新设置预览
                camera.startPreview();//开始预览
                camera.autoFocus(null);//设置自动对焦
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }


        }


    }
    */
    @SuppressLint("NeedOnRequestPermissionsResult")
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);

        CameraActivityPermissionsDispatcher.onRequestPermissionsResult(this, requestCode, grantResults);
    }

    @OnShowRationale(Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
    void camera_show(PermissionRequest request) {

    }

    @NeedsPermission({Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE})
    void cameratest() {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                1);
        camera=Camera.open();
        if(camera==null){
            Toast.makeText(this,"无权限",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            return;
        }else{

            Toast.makeText(this,"打开成功",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }


        isPreView=true;
        try {
            camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceHolder);
            //获取摄像头参数
            Camera.Parameters   parameters  = camera.getParameters();
           // parameters.setPictureSize(480,480);
            parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);
            parameters.set("jpeg-quality",80);
            //重新设置摄像头参数
            camera.setParameters(parameters);//重新设置预览
            camera.startPreview();//开始预览
            camera.autoFocus(null);//设置自动对焦
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }


        Toast.makeText(this,"cameratest",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    @OnShowRationale({Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE})
    void cameratest_show(final PermissionRequest request) {

        Toast.makeText(this,"cameratest_show",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
    }

    //当停止Activity  暂停时候  停止
    @Override
    protected void onPause() {  //当暂停Activity时，停止预览并释放资源
        if (camera != null) {        //如果相机不为空
            Toast.makeText(this,"onPause!!!!!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
          //  camera.stopPreview();    //停止预览---这种方式在 安卓6.0  7.0 会不显示预览界面
          //  camera.release();        //释放资源
        }
        super.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        Toast.makeText(this,"onStop!!!!!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
      //  camera.stopPreview();    //停止预览-- 安卓6.0  7.0 会不显示预览界面
       // camera.release();        //释放资源
        super.onStop();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        Toast.makeText(this,"onDestroy!!!!!",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        camera.stopPreview();    //停止预览
        camera.release();        //释放资源

        super.onDestroy();
    }

    public        void   checkselfPermisssion2(){

        if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this,
                Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
                != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            if (!ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this,
                    Manifest.permission.CAMERA)) {
                //第一次全新进入时，shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法将返回false,这里将会执行。
                //请求权限时如果点了拒绝但是没勾选不再提醒，shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法将返回true，这里将不执行。
                //点了拒绝且勾选了不再提醒，再次进入时，shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale方法也将返回false,并且权限请求将无任何响应，然后可以在下面方法中做些处理，提示用户打开权限。
                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                        1);//1 表示用户唯一标识一个权限请求以便回调时进行判断

                Log.i("permission","request");

            } else {
                Log.i("permission","request2");

                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                        new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS},
                        1);



            }
        }


    }
}