最近因为Printronix打印机打印中文问题才涉及到了pcx这个图片格式。小小的纠结了几天，把工作过程中所用到的知识罗列在这里。
黑白色PCX图片
一、前言
本文只针对黑白色PCX图片，不在特殊说明。
二、黑白色pcx图片
pcx文件描述头+图片数据（RLE压缩）
pcx头
typedef struct _PcxHeader
{
BYTE Identifier; /* PCX Id Number (Always 0x0A) */
BYTE Version; /* Version Number */
BYTE Encoding; /* Encoding Format */
BYTE BitsPerPixel; /* Bits per Pixel */
WORD XStart; /* Left of image */
WORD YStart; /* Top of Image */
WORD XEnd; /* Right of Image
WORD YEnd; /* Bottom of image */
WORD HorzRes; /* Horizontal Resolution */
WORD VertRes; /* Vertical Resolution */
BYTE Palette[48]; /* 16-Color EGA Palette */
BYTE Reserved1; /* Reserved (Always 0) */
BYTE NumBitPlanes; /* Number of Bit Planes */
WORD BytesPerLine; /* Bytes per Scan-line */
WORD PaletteType; /* Palette Type */
WORD HorzScreenSize; /* Horizontal Screen Size */
WORD VertScreenSize; /* Vertical Screen Size */
BYTE Reserved2[54]; /* Reserved (Always 0) */
} PCXHEAD;0a:
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00:00:00:00:00:00:图片数据采用RLE压缩，每个像素占用一位，一个字节存储八位像素，这八个像素采用倒序存储（计算机中高低字节的概念
我一时也找不到这个名词）即24位bmp图像中的像素没八个倒序存储在一个字节中。
bmp像素顺序：
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）（RGB）
PCX像素顺序
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
本人在处理24位bmp转黑白pcx图片时，因为没有考虑像素存储顺序导致在那个杯具的图片上纠结了好久。各种猜测揣摩原因未
果。最后还是在朋友的合力帮助下找到了问题所在。果不其然：兄弟合力，其利断金啊。
三、RLE（Run-length encoding）压缩
经过RLE压缩后的PCX图像数据分析
dd:ff:0f:c4:ff:c1:fb:c1:f7:c8:ff:1f:c9:ff:d6:ff:9e:81:bd:c1:ef:87:c1:ff:c1:fe:07:c1:ef:c3:ff在如上RLE压缩过的数据中，从头开始读取一个字节，若字节大于0xc0 则表示后一个字节重复出现当前字节与0xc0的差值次。
若字节小于oxc0则表示该字节单独出现一次。
实际分析如下：0xdd 大于0xc0 其为技术字节，表示其后的数据字节0xff重复出现0xdd-0xc0=0x1d=29次。跳过0xff，注意这里
需要跳过0xff。0x0f小于0xc0其为数据字节，表示该字节出现一次。下一个字节0xc4大于0xc0其为计数字节，表示其后的数据字节0xff重复出
现0xc4-0xc0=0x04=4次，跳过0xff，等等。
四、部分数据示例（供研究比对使用）
/**PCX头开始**/0a:
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/**PCX头结束，后面是数据**/
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/**以下皆同**/
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PCX格式http://courses.engr.illinois.edu/ece390/books/labmanual/graphics-pcx.html
附：图片效果
正确的图片
像素存储顺序弄反的图片
这张纠结的图片啊，仔细观察的话会发现这个图片是每八个像素翻转了一下。当时猜测了拉裂，分辨率不高的原因。
转自：https://www.cnblogs.com/klvk/archive/2010/09/08/1821361.html