C# 解决死锁

编程语言 2018-04-23 12:38:37 阅读次数: 2

处理这个死锁问题，花了好几天，相信遇到的同学，一样头疼，但有个好辅助类的话，就没这么头疼了

注意

本篇文章的解决方案只适合使用lock(obj)，或是：Monitor.Enter(obj); …. Monitor.Exit(obj)的方式
类似酱紫的死锁

如果你使用的是：AutoResetEvent.Set/Rest, Monitor.Wait/Pulse, Mutex的方式，请另寻他法。

辅助类

//------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Craeted by Jave.Lin 4/21/2018 5:31:57 PM
//------------------------------------------------------------------------

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Threading;

namespace Common.ComUtil
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Locker Information
    /// author  :   Jave.Lin
    /// date    :   4/21/2018 5:31:57 PM
    /// </summary>
    public class Locker
    {
        public object tag;

        public int threadID;
        public string name;
        public int lockedTimes;
        public int lockingTs;
        public bool enter;
        public bool exit;
        public string lockingStackTrace;

        public int lockingDLTs;

        public Locker(string name)
        {
            this.name = name;
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            string[] strs = new string[]
            {
                "ThreadId:" + threadID,
                "Name:" + name,
                "LockedTimes:" + lockedTimes,
                "LockingTs:" + lockingTs,
                "LocingEt:" + (lockingDLTs - lockingTs) + ("(ms"),
                "Enter:" + enter,
                "Exit:" + exit,
                "Tag:" + (tag != null ? tag.ToString() : "null"),
                "LockingStackTrace:\n" + lockingStackTrace,
            };
            return string.Join("\r\n", strs);
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Check Dead Lock (CDL)
    /// author  :   Jave.Lin
    /// date    :   4/21/2018 5:31:57 PM
    /// </summary>
    public static class CDL
    {
        // in locking map
        public static readonly Dictionary<Locker, bool> _s_pLockingMap = new Dictionary<Locker, bool>();

        public const bool FORCE_CHECK = true;
        public const int CheckDeadLockTime = 3000; // 这个阀值按需调整，实际的线上产品服务器程序如果负载过大时，可能也会有部分任务处理过久，导致‘取锁’等待过久

        public static string Dumps()
        {
            var list = new List<string>();
            foreach (var item in _s_pLockingMap)
            {
                list.Add(item.Key.ToString());
            }
            return string.Join("\r\n=line============\r\n", list);
        }

        public static void CheckDL(Locker locker, Action actoin)
        {
            try
            {
                if (Monitor.TryEnter(locker, CheckDeadLockTime))
                {
                    locker.enter = true;
                    locker.exit = false;
                    locker.lockingTs = Environment.TickCount;
                    locker.threadID = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
                    locker.lockingStackTrace = GetCurStackTrace("->\n");
                    Interlocked.Increment(ref locker.lockedTimes);

                    _s_pLockingMap[locker] = true;

                    actoin.Invoke();
                }
                else
                {
                    locker.lockingDLTs = Environment.TickCount;
                    _WarningWriteLine("TryEnter time out");
                    if (FORCE_CHECK)
                    {
                        _ShowGetLockTimeout();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        actoin.Invoke();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                _ErrorWriteLine(e.ToString());
            }
            finally
            {
                if (!Monitor.IsEntered(locker))
                {
                    var msg = "!Monitor.IsEntered(locker)";
                    if (FORCE_CHECK)
                    {
                        throw new Exception(msg);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _WarningWriteLine(msg);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    locker.exit = true;
                    _s_pLockingMap.Remove(locker);
                    Monitor.Exit(locker);
                }
            }
        }
        public static T CheckDL<T>(Locker locker, Func<T> actoin)
        {
            T ret = default(T);
            try
            {
                if (Monitor.TryEnter(locker, CheckDeadLockTime))
                {
                    locker.enter = true;
                    locker.exit = false;
                    locker.lockingTs = Environment.TickCount;
                    locker.threadID = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
                    locker.lockingStackTrace = GetCurStackTrace("->\n");
                    Interlocked.Increment(ref locker.lockedTimes);

                    _s_pLockingMap[locker] = true;

                    ret = actoin.Invoke();
                }
                else
                {
                    locker.lockingDLTs = Environment.TickCount;
                    _WarningWriteLine("TryEnter time out");
                    if (FORCE_CHECK)
                    {
                        _ShowGetLockTimeout();
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        actoin.Invoke();
                    }
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                if (!Monitor.IsEntered(locker))
                {
                    locker.lockingTs = Environment.TickCount;
                    var msg = "!Monitor.IsEntered(locker)";
                    if (FORCE_CHECK)
                    {
                        throw new Exception(msg);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        _WarningWriteLine(msg);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    locker.exit = true;
                    _s_pLockingMap.Remove(locker);
                    Monitor.Exit(locker);
                }
            }
            return ret;
        }
        public static string GetCurStackTrace(string separactor = "->")
        {
            System.Diagnostics.StackTrace st = new System.Diagnostics.StackTrace();
            System.Diagnostics.StackFrame[] sfs = st.GetFrames();
            List<string> methodNameList = new List<string>();
            for (int i = 1; i < sfs.Length; ++i)
            {
                if (System.Diagnostics.StackFrame.OFFSET_UNKNOWN == sfs[i].GetILOffset()) break;
                var m = sfs[i].GetMethod();
                var dn = m.DeclaringType.Name;
                var mn = m.Name;
                methodNameList.Add(new string(' ', sfs.Length - i) + dn + "::" + mn + "()");
            }
            st = null;
            sfs = null;
            methodNameList.Reverse();

            return string.Join(separactor, methodNameList);
        }
        private static void _ShowGetLockTimeout()
        {
            var msg = "!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!DeadLock!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!";
            _ErrorWriteLine(msg);
            throw new Exception(msg);
        }
        private static void _ErrorWriteLine(string msg, params object[] args)
        {
            var srcColor = Console.ForegroundColor;
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
            Console.WriteLine(msg, args);
            Console.ForegroundColor = srcColor;
        }
        private static void _WarningWriteLine(string msg, params object[] args)
        {
            var srcColor = Console.ForegroundColor;
            Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
            Console.WriteLine(msg, args);
            Console.ForegroundColor = srcColor;
        }
    }
}

使用方法

// 我们平常用的：
lock(obj)
{
 // code here
}

改写成：
CDL.CheckDL(obj, ()=>
{
 // code here
});

一旦有死锁出现，那么将会命中CDL::_ShowGetLockTimeout方法
然后将CDL.Dumps()的内容打印出来，就可以知道，当前哪些CDL.CheckDL的地方有死锁。
Dumps很详细，具体还可以根据自己的需要来对 Locker的信息做调整。

注意CDL.CheckDeadLockTime

CDL.CheckDeadLockTime = 3000; // 这个阀值按需调整，实际的线上产品服务器程序如果负载过大时，可能也会有部分任务处理过久，导致‘取锁’等待过久，所以出现Monitor.TryEnter timeout时，不一定是死锁。
你可以按你的需求来调整该值，如：调整个：60000（60秒），意思是你确定了，取锁时间超时为60秒的，都算是有死锁任务导致

CDL.Dumps内容实例

ThreadId:10
Name:CBCServerAliveLocker
LockedTimes:1
LockingTs:7496815
LocingEt:-7496815(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:null
LockingStackTrace:
         Program::Main()->
          XXXServer::WaitForExit()->
           CDL::CheckDL()
=line============
ThreadId:15
Name:CTcpNetworker
LockedTimes:486
LockingTs:7519248
LocingEt:2995(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:null
LockingStackTrace:
 _IOCompletionCallback::PerformIOCompletionCallback()->
  BaseOverlappedAsyncResult::CompletionPortCallback()->
   LazyAsyncResult::ProtectedInvokeCallback()->
    ContextAwareResult::Complete()->
     ExecutionContext::Run()->
      ExecutionContext::Run()->
       ExecutionContext::RunInternal()->
        ContextAwareResult::CompleteCallback()->
         LazyAsyncResult::Complete()->
          XXXNetworker::_OnBeginReceiveCallback()->
           CDL::CheckDL()
=line============
ThreadId:15
Name:CEventMgr
LockedTimes:247
LockingTs:7519248
LocingEt:-7519248(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:null
LockingStackTrace:
 _IOCompletionCallback::PerformIOCompletionCallback()->
  BaseOverlappedAsyncResult::CompletionPortCallback()->
   LazyAsyncResult::ProtectedInvokeCallback()->
    ContextAwareResult::Complete()->
     ExecutionContext::Run()->
      ExecutionContext::Run()->
       ExecutionContext::RunInternal()->
        ContextAwareResult::CompleteCallback()->
         LazyAsyncResult::Complete()->
          XXXNetworker::_OnBeginReceiveCallback()->
           CDL::CheckDL()->
            <>c__DisplayClass78_0::<_OnBeginReceiveCallback>b__0()->
             XXXConnection::XXXNetworker_OnPackageEvent()->
              CEventMgr::Invoke()->
               CDL::CheckDL()
=line============
ThreadId:6
Name:CBattleRoomMgr
LockedTimes:689
LockingTs:7519248
LocingEt:-7519248(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:null
LockingStackTrace:
 _ThreadPoolWaitCallback::PerformWaitCallback()->
  ThreadPoolWorkQueue::Dispatch()->
   Task::System.Threading.IThreadPoolWorkItem.ExecuteWorkItem()->
    Task::ExecuteEntry()->
     Task::ExecuteWithThreadLocal()->
      ExecutionContext::Run()->
       ExecutionContext::RunInternal()->
        Task::ExecutionContextCallback()->
         Task::Execute()->
          Task::InnerInvoke()->
           XXXServer::<StartUp>b__36_0()->
            CDL::CheckDL()->
             XXXServer::<StartUp>b__36_1()->
              XXXServer::_DeadLockMethod()->
               XXXServerInst::_DeadLockMethod1()->
                CDL::CheckDL()
=line============
ThreadId:6
Name:CBattleRoom
LockedTimes:802
LockingTs:7519248
LocingEt:2995(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:BroadcastAll3 starting
LockingStackTrace:
 _ThreadPoolWaitCallback::PerformWaitCallback()->
  ThreadPoolWorkQueue::Dispatch()->
   Task::System.Threading.IThreadPoolWorkItem.ExecuteWorkItem()->
    Task::ExecuteEntry()->
     Task::ExecuteWithThreadLocal()->
      ExecutionContext::Run()->
       ExecutionContext::RunInternal()->
        Task::ExecutionContextCallback()->
         Task::Execute()->
          Task::InnerInvoke()->
           XXXServer::<StartUp>b__36_0()->
            CDL::CheckDL()->
             XXXServer::<StartUp>b__36_1()->
              XXXServer::_DeadLockMethod1()->
               XXXServerInst::_DeadLockMethod2()->
                CDL::CheckDL()->
                 XXXServerInst::<_DeadLockMethod2>b__19_0()->
                  XXXServerInst1::_DeadLockMethod1()->
                   CDL::CheckDL()->
                    XXXServerInst1::<_DeadLockMethod1>b__43_0()->
                     XXXServerInst1::_DeadLockMethod2()->
                      CDL::CheckDL()
=line============
ThreadId:6
Name:CBCServerNormalLocker
LockedTimes:668
LockingTs:7519248
LocingEt:-7519248(ms
Enter:True
Exit:False
Tag:null
LockingStackTrace:
 _ThreadPoolWaitCallback::PerformWaitCallback()->
  ThreadPoolWorkQueue::Dispatch()->
   Task::System.Threading.IThreadPoolWorkItem.ExecuteWorkItem()->
    Task::ExecuteEntry()->
     Task::ExecuteWithThreadLocal()->
      ExecutionContext::Run()->
       ExecutionContext::RunInternal()->
        Task::ExecutionContextCallback()->
         Task::Execute()->
          Task::InnerInvoke()->
           XXXServer::<StartUp>b__36_0()->
            CDL::CheckDL()

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