ubuntu安装gcc

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1、首先备份Ubuntu源列表：sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.backup

2、打开更新源列表：sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

3、修改源列表。 
中国科技大学的源一般使用起来比较快，直接选择中科大的源。 
删除source.list文件中的源，将下面的直接复制过去：

# USTC (University of Science and Technology of Thina)

# xenial is ubuntu 16.04 version

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse

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deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse

4、更新源。 
sudo apt-get update

5、安装：

sudo apt-get install build-essential