mybatis学习笔记(六)- MyBatis 映射文件(select)

1. select 返回 List & 记录封装 map

  1. 接口 EmployeeMapper
public interface EmployeeMapper {
    //多条记录封装一个map:Map<Integer,Employee>:键是这条记录的主键,值是记录封装后的javaBean
	//@MapKey:告诉mybatis封装这个map的时候使用哪个属性作为map的key
	@MapKey("lastName")
	public Map<String, Employee> getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap(String lastName);
	
	//返回一条记录的map;key就是列名,值就是对应的值
	public Map<String, Object> getEmpByIdReturnMap(Integer id);
    
    public List<Employee> getEmpsByLastNameLike(String lastName);
   } 
  1. 映射文件 EmployeeMapper.xml
<mapper namespace="www.xq.mybatis.dao.EmployeeMapper">
    <!--public Map<Integer, Employee> getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap(String lastName);  -->
 	<select id="getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap" resultType="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee">
 		select * from tbl_employee where last_name like #{lastName}
 	</select>
 
 	<!--public Map<String, Object> getEmpByIdReturnMap(Integer id);  -->
 	<select id="getEmpByIdReturnMap" resultType="map">
 		select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
 	</select>

<!-- public List<Employee> getEmpsByLastNameLike(String lastName); -->
	<!--resultType:如果返回的是一个集合,要写集合中元素的类型  -->
	<select id="getEmpsByLastNameLike" resultType="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee">
		select * from tbl_employee where last_name like #{lastName}
	</select>
</mapper>
  1. 测试
@Test
	public void test04() throws IOException{
		
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
		//1、获取到的SqlSession不会自动提交数据
		SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		
		try{
		EmployeeMapper mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapper.class);
			//Employee employee = mapper.getEmpByIdAndLastName(1, "tom");
			/*Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
			map.put("id", 2);
			map.put("lastName", "Tom");
			map.put("tableName", "tbl_employee");
			Employee employee = mapper.getEmpByMap(map);
			
			System.out.println(employee);*/
			
			List<Employee> like = mapper.getEmpsByLastNameLike("%e%");
			for (Employee employee : like) {
				System.out.println(employee);
			}
			
			/*Map<String, Object> map = mapper.getEmpByIdReturnMap(1);
			System.out.println(map);*/
			/*Map<String, Employee> map = mapper.getEmpByLastNameLikeReturnMap("%r%");
			System.out.println(map);*/
			}
			}finally{
			openSession.close();
		}
	}

2. resultMap 自定义结果映射规则

  1. 为了方便测试,我们新建一个 dao 接口 EmployeeMapperPlus
public interface EmployeeMapperPlus {

	public Employee getEmpById(Integer id);
}
  1. 新建一个映射文件 EmployeeMapperPlus.xml
<mapper namespace="www.xq.mybatis.dao.EmployeeMapperPlus">

	<!--自定义某个javaBean的封装规则
	type:自定义规则的Java类型
	id:唯一id方便引用
	  -->
	<resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee" id="MySimpleEmp">
		<!--指定主键列的封装规则
		id定义主键会底层有优化;
		column:指定哪一列
		property:指定对应的javaBean属性
		  -->
		<id column="id" property="id"/>
		<!-- 定义普通列封装规则 -->
		<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
		<!-- 其他不指定的列会自动封装:我们只要写resultMap就把全部的映射规则都写上。 -->
		<result column="email" property="email"/>
		<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
	</resultMap>
	
	<!-- resultMap:自定义结果集映射规则;  -->
	<!-- public Employee getEmpById(Integer id); -->
	<select id="getEmpById"  resultMap="MySimpleEmp">
		select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
	</select>
</mapper>
  1. 测试
@Test
public void test05() throws IOException{
	SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
	SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
	try{
		EmployeeMapperPlus mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperPlus.class);
		Employee empById = mapper.getEmpById(1);
		System.out.println(empById);
	}finally{
		openSession.close();
	}
}

3. 关联查询

3.1. 环境搭建

3.1.1. 在 Employee 类中加入 private Department dept; 以及其的get,set方法。

3.1.2. 建立 Department 类

package www.xq.mybatis.bean;

import java.util.List;

public class Department {
	
	private Integer id;
	private String departmentName;
	private List<Employee> emps;
	
	
	
	public List<Employee> getEmps() {
		return emps;
	}
	public void setEmps(List<Employee> emps) {
		this.emps = emps;
	}
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getDepartmentName() {
		return departmentName;
	}
	public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
		this.departmentName = departmentName;
	}
	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Department [id=" + id + ", departmentName=" + departmentName
				+ "]";
	}
}

3.1.3. 在 mybatis 中创建 tbl_dept 表并在 tbl_employee 中添加一列,建立外键关联。

CREATE TABLE tbl_dept(
id INT(11) PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
dept_name VARCHAR(255)
)

ALTER TABLE tbl_employee ADD COLUMN d_id INT(11);

ALTER TABLE tbl_employee ADD CONSTRAINT fk_emp_dept
FOREIGN KEY(d_id) REFERENCES tbl_dept(id) 

3.2. 级联属性封装结果&association定义关联对象封装规则

3.2.1. EmployeeMapperPlus 接口中加入:

    public Employee getEmpAndDept(Integer id);

3.2.2. EmployeeMapperPlus.xml

    <!-- 
	场景一:
		查询Employee的同时查询员工对应的部门
		Employee===Department
		一个员工有与之对应的部门信息;
		id  last_name  gender    d_id     did  dept_name (private Department dept;)
	 -->
	 
	 
	<!--
		联合查询:级联属性封装结果集
	  -->
	<resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee" id="MyDifEmp">
		<id column="id" property="id"/>
		<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
		<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
		<result column="did" property="dept.id"/>
		<result column="dept_name" property="dept.departmentName"/>
	</resultMap>


	<!-- 
		使用association定义关联的单个对象的封装规则;
	 -->
	<resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee" id="MyDifEmp2">
		<id column="id" property="id"/>
		<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
		<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
		
		<!--  association可以指定联合的javaBean对象
		property="dept":指定哪个属性是联合的对象
		javaType:指定这个属性对象的类型[不能省略]
		-->
		<association property="dept" javaType="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Department">
			<id column="did" property="id"/>
			<result column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
		</association>
	</resultMap>
	<!--  public Employee getEmpAndDept(Integer id);-->
	<select id="getEmpAndDept" resultMap="MyDifEmp">
		SELECT e.id id,e.last_name last_name,e.gender gender,e.d_id d_id,
		d.id did,d.dept_name dept_name FROM tbl_employee e,tbl_dept d
		WHERE e.d_id=d.id AND e.id=#{id}
	</select>

3.2.3. 测试

@Test
	public void test05() throws IOException{
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		try{
			EmployeeMapperPlus mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperPlus.class);
			Employee empAndDept = mapper.getEmpAndDept(1);
			System.out.println(empAndDept);
			System.out.println(empAndDept.getDept());
		}finally{
			openSession.close();
		}
		
		
	}

3.3. association分步查询

3.3.1. 创建 DepartmentMapper 接口

package www.xq.mybatis.dao;
import www.xq.mybatis.bean.Department;
public interface DepartmentMapper {
	public Department getDeptById(Integer id);
}

3.3.2. 创建映射文件 DepartmentMapper.xml

<mapper namespace="www.xq.mybatis.dao.DepartmentMapper">
	<!--public Department getDeptById(Integer id);  -->
	<select id="getDeptById" resultType="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Department">
		select id,dept_name departmentName from tbl_dept where id=#{id}
	</select>
</mapper>

3.3.3. EmployeeMapperPlus 接口中加入

    public Employee getEmpByIdStep(Integer id);

3.3.4. EmployeeMapperPlus.xml 中加入

<!-- 使用association进行分步查询:
		1、先按照员工id查询员工信息
		2、根据查询员工信息中的d_id值去部门表查出部门信息
		3、部门设置到员工中;
	 -->
	 
	 <!--  id  last_name  email   gender    d_id   -->
	 <resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee" id="MyEmpByStep">
	 	<id column="id" property="id"/>
	 	<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
	 	<result column="email" property="email"/>
	 	<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
	 	<!-- association定义关联对象的封装规则
	 		select:表明当前属性是调用select指定的方法查出的结果
	 		column:指定将哪一列的值传给这个方法
	 		
	 		流程:使用select指定的方法(传入column指定的这列参数的值)查出对象,并封装给property指定的属性
	 	 -->
 		<association property="dept" 
	 		select="www.xq.mybatis.dao.DepartmentMapper.getDeptById"
	 		column="d_id">
 		</association>
	 </resultMap>
	 <!--  public Employee getEmpByIdStep(Integer id);-->
	 <select id="getEmpByIdStep" resultMap="MyEmpByStep">
	 	select * from tbl_employee where id=#{id}
	 </select>

3.3.5. 测试

@Test
	public void test05() throws IOException{
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		try{
			EmployeeMapperPlus mapper = openSession.getMapper(EmployeeMapperPlus.class);
            Employee employee = mapper.getEmpByIdStep(1);
			System.out.println(employee);
			System.out.println(employee.getDept());
			}finally{
			openSession.close();
		}
	}

3.4. 分步查询&延迟加载

  • 可以使用延迟加载(懒加载);(按需加载)
    • Employee==>Dept:
      我们每次查询Employee对象的时候,都将一起查询出来。
      部门信息在我们使用的时候再去查询;
      分段查询的基础之上加上两个配置:
  • 只需在 mybatis-config.xml 文件的 settings 标签中加入一下设置
<!--显示的指定每个我们需要更改的配置的值,即使他是默认的。防止版本更新带来的问题  -->
		<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
		<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="false"/>

3.5. collection 定义关联集合封装规则&分步查询&延迟加载

3.5.1. 在 DepartmentMapper 中加入

public Department getDeptByIdPlus(Integer id);

public Department getDeptByIdStep(Integer id);

3.5.2. 在 DepartmentMapper.xml 中加入

<!--嵌套结果集的方式,使用collection标签定义关联的集合类型的属性封装规则  -->
	<resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Department" id="MyDept">
		<id column="did" property="id"/>
		<result column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
		<!-- 
			collection定义关联集合类型的属性的封装规则 
			ofType:指定集合里面元素的类型
		-->
		<collection property="emps" ofType="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Employee">
			<!-- 定义这个集合中元素的封装规则 -->
			<id column="eid" property="id"/>
			<result column="last_name" property="lastName"/>
			<result column="email" property="email"/>
			<result column="gender" property="gender"/>
		</collection>
	</resultMap>
	<!-- public Department getDeptByIdPlus(Integer id); -->
	<select id="getDeptByIdPlus" resultMap="MyDept">
		SELECT d.id did,d.dept_name dept_name,
				e.id eid,e.last_name last_name,e.email email,e.gender gender
		FROM tbl_dept d
		LEFT JOIN tbl_employee e
		ON d.id=e.d_id
		WHERE d.id=#{id}
	</select>
	
	<!-- collection:分段查询 -->
	<resultMap type="www.xq.mybatis.bean.Department" id="MyDeptStep">
		<id column="id" property="id"/>
		<id column="dept_name" property="departmentName"/>
		<collection property="emps" 
			select="www.xq.mybatis.dao.EmployeeMapperPlus.getEmpsByDeptId"
			column="{deptId=id}" fetchType="lazy"></collection>
	</resultMap>
	<!-- public Department getDeptByIdStep(Integer id); -->
	<select id="getDeptByIdStep" resultMap="MyDeptStep">
		select id,dept_name from tbl_dept where id=#{id}
	</select>

3.5.3. 测试

@Test
	public void test06() throws IOException{
		SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = getSqlSessionFactory();
		SqlSession openSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
		
		try{
			DepartmentMapper mapper = openSession.getMapper(DepartmentMapper.class);
			//测试 collection 定义关联集合封装规则
			/*Department department = mapper.getDeptByIdPlus(1);
			System.out.println(department);
			System.out.println(department.getEmps());*/
			//测试 collection 分步查询和延迟加载
			Department deptByIdStep = mapper.getDeptByIdStep(1);
			System.out.println(deptByIdStep.getDepartmentName());
			System.out.println(deptByIdStep.getEmps());
		}finally{
			openSession.close();
		}
	}	

3.6. 分步查询传递多列值

  • 扩展:多列的值传递过去:
    • 将多列的值封装map传递;
    • column="{key1=column1,key2=column2}"
    • fetchType=“lazy”:表示使用延迟加载;
      - lazy:延迟
      - eager:立即

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_42130468/article/details/85332515