从零开始学习Spring boot 结合 Rabbitmq

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/java_zyq/article/details/85127237

目录

一、添加依赖

二、在application.yml 或者 application.properties文件中进行RabbitMQ的相关配置

三、确认Rabbitmq是启动的并且是能够连接上的

四、简单测试（代码）

五、进阶测试（代码）

闲言碎语不要讲，安排

一、添加依赖

二、在配置文件对Rabbitmq进行配置

yaml格式

properti格式：

三、确认Rabbitmq是启动的并且是能够连接上的

首先，确保你的RabbitMQ已经安装好，并且已经启动，在你的本地确实可以连接的上（关于RabbitMQ的安装和相关配置在《rabbitmq集群搭建》进行设置，具体请自行查阅，谢谢。

四、简单测试（这是一对一的演示  另外一对多  多对多就不在这演示了）

这里说的一对多是指一个生产者对应多个消费者  多对多是多个生产者对应多个消费者

（1）配置队列：

package com.hh.demo;
 
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
 
/**
 * @Description:队列配置，队列的名称，发送者和接受者的名称必须一致，否则接收不到消息
 */
@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {
    @Bean
    public Queue Queue1() {
        return new Queue("hhTest1");
    }
}

（2）发送者通过Controller类发送消息：

package com.hh.demo.controller;
 
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
 
import java.util.Date;
 
@RestController
public class SendController {
    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate;
 
    @RequestMapping("/send")
    public String send(){
        String content="Date:"+new Date();
        amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("hhTest1",content);
        return content;
    }
}

（3）创建接受者Receiver1，新建类：

package com.hh.demo.Receiver;
 
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
 
@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "hhTest1")
public class Receiver1 {
 
    @RabbitHandler
    public void receiver(String msg){
        System.out.println("Test1 receiver1:"+msg);
    }
}

（4）测试

浏览器访问地址：http://localhost:8080/send，如下图：

终端输出接受的内容：

接下来演示下：

topic ExChange示例

topic 是RabbitMQ中最灵活的一种方式，可以根据binding_key自由的绑定不同的队列

首先对topic规则配置，这里使用两个队列来测试（也就是在Application类中创建和绑定的topic.message和topic.messages两个队列），其中topic.message的bindting_key为

“topic.message”，topic.messages的binding_key为“topic.#”；

生产者：

package com.rabbit.topic;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class TopicSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String msg1 = "I am topic.mesaage msg======";
        System.out.println("sender1 : " + msg1);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange", "topic.message", msg1);
        
        String msg2 = "I am topic.mesaages msg########";
        System.out.println("sender2 : " + msg2);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange", "topic.messages", msg2);
    }

}

消费者1（topic.message）

package com.rabbit.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.message")
public class topicMessageReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("topicMessageReceiver  : " +msg);
    }

}

消费者２（topic.messages）

package com.rabbit.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "topic.messages")
public class topicMessagesReceiver {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("topicMessagesReceiver  : " +msg);
    }

}

controller:
    /**
     * topic exchange类型rabbitmq测试
     */
    @PostMapping("/topicTest")
    public void topicTest() {
           topicSender.send();
    }

用post方式执行：

http://127.0.0.1:8080/rabbit/topicTest

结果如下：

sender1 : I am topic.mesaage msg======
sender2 : I am topic.mesaages msg########
topicMessageReceiver  : I am topic.mesaage msg======
topicMessagesReceiver  : I am topic.mesaage msg======
topicMessagesReceiver  : I am topic.mesaages msg########
由以上结果可知：sender1发送的消息,routing_key是“topic.message”，所以exchange里面的绑定的binding_key是“topic.message”，topic.＃都符合路由规则;所以sender1

发送的消息，两个队列都能接收到；

sender2发送的消息，routing_key是“topic.messages”，所以exchange里面的绑定的binding_key只有topic.＃都符合路由规则;所以sender2发送的消息只有队列

topic.messages能收到。
 

fanout ExChange示例

Fanout 就是我们熟悉的广播模式或者订阅模式，给Fanout转发器发送消息，绑定了这个转发器的所有队列都收到这个消息。

这里使用三个队列来测试（也就是在Application类中创建和绑定的fanout.A、fanout.B、fanout.C）这三个队列都和Application中创建的fanoutExchange转发器绑定。

生产者：

package com.rabbit.fanout;

import java.util.Date;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class FanoutSender {

    @Autowired
    private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    public void send() {
        String msgString="fanoutSender :hello i am hh";
        System.out.println(msgString);
        this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("fanoutExchange","abcd.ee", msgString);
    }

}

消费者A:

package com.rabbit.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.A")
public class FanoutReceiverA {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("FanoutReceiverA  : " + msg);
    }

}

消费者b：

package com.rabbit.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.B")
public class FanoutReceiverB {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("FanoutReceiverB  : " + msg);
    }

}

消费者c：

package com.rabbit.fanout;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "fanout.C")
public class FanoutReceiverC {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void process(String msg) {
        System.out.println("FanoutReceiverC  : " + msg);
    }

}

controller:

    /**
     * fanout exchange类型rabbitmq测试
     */
    @PostMapping("/fanoutTest")
    public void fanoutTest() {
           fanoutSender.send();
    }

用post方式执行：

http://127.0.0.1:8080/rabbit/fanoutTest

结果如下：

fanoutSender :hello i am hzb
FanoutReceiverC  : fanoutSender :hello i am hh
FanoutReceiverB  : fanoutSender :hello i am hh
FanoutReceiverA  : fanoutSender :hello i am hh
由以上结果可知：就算fanoutSender发送消息的时候，指定了routing_key为"abcd.ee"，但是所有接收者都接受到了消息

带callback的消息发送

增加回调处理，这里不再使用application.properties默认配置的方式，会在程序中显示的使用文件中的配置信息。该示例中没有新建队列和exchange，用的是第5节中的topic.messages队列和exchange转发器。消费者也是第5节中的topicMessagesReceiver

rabbitmq配置类：

package com.rabbit.callback;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;

public class RabbitConfig {
    
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.host}")
    private String addresses;
    
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.port}")
    private String port;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.username}")
    private String username;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.password}")
    private String password;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host}")
    private String virtualHost;

    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms}")
    private boolean publisherConfirms;
    
    @Bean
    public ConnectionFactory connectionFactory() {

        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setAddresses(addresses+":"+port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
        /** 如果要进行消息回调，则这里必须要设置为true */
        connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(publisherConfirms);
        return connectionFactory;
    }
    
    @Bean
    /** 因为要设置回调类，所以应是prototype类型，如果是singleton类型，则回调类为最后一次设置 */
    @Scope(ConfigurableBeanFactory.SCOPE_PROTOTYPE)
    public RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplatenew() {
        RabbitTemplate template = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory());
        return template;
    }

}

生产者： 

package com.rabbit.callback;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.UUID;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.support.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class CallBackSender implements  RabbitTemplate.ConfirmCallback{
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplatenew;
    public void send() {
        
        rabbitTemplatenew.setConfirmCallback(this);
        String msg="callbackSender : i am callback sender";
        System.out.println(msg );
        CorrelationData correlationData = new CorrelationData(UUID.randomUUID().toString());  
        System.out.println("callbackSender UUID: " + correlationData.getId());  
        this.rabbitTemplatenew.convertAndSend("exchange", "topic.messages", msg, correlationData);  
    }

    public void confirm(CorrelationData correlationData, boolean ack, String cause) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        System.out.println("callbakck confirm: " + correlationData.getId());
    }
}

消费者：第5节中的topicMessagesReceiver

controller:

    @PostMapping("/callback")
    public void callbak() {
        callBackSender.send();
    }

用post方式执行：

http://127.0.0.1:8080/rabbit/callback

结果如下：

callbackSender : i am callback sender
callbackSender UUID: cd0c80a6-4c65-4bf9-b4f8-f3b1180755d6
callbakck confirm: cd0c80a6-4c65-4bf9-b4f8-f3b1180755d6
topicMessagesReceiver  : callbackSender : i am callback sender
从上面可以看出callbackSender发出的UUID，收到了回应，又传回来了。