Java设计模式—原型模式

目录

目的

应用实例

代码


  • 目的

原型模式属于对象的创建模式。通过给出一个原型对象来指明所有创建的对象的类型,然后用复制这个原型对象的办法创建出更多同类型的对象。即用原型实例指定创建对象的种类,并且通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象。

  • 应用实例

  1. 细胞的分裂

  2. Java中Object 的 clone()方法

  • 代码

原型角色:定义用于复制现有实例来生成新实例的方法;

package com.gary.pattern;

public abstract class Shape implements Cloneable {
    private String id;
    protected String type;

    abstract void draw();

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    //定义复制现有实例来生成新实例的方法
    public Object clone(){
        Object clone = null;
        try {
            clone = super.clone();
        } catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return clone;
    }
}

具体实现角色:实现用于复制现有实例来生成新实例的方法

package com.gary.pattern;

public class Rectangle extends Shape {

    public Rectangle(){
        type = "Rectangle";
    }

    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Inside Rectangle::draw() method.");
    }
}
package com.gary.pattern;

public class Square extends Shape {

    public Square(){
        type = "Square";
    }

    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Inside Square::draw() method.");
    }
}
package com.gary.pattern;

public class Circle extends Shape {
 
   public Circle(){
     type = "Circle";
   }
 
   @Override
   public void draw() {
      System.out.println("Inside Circle::draw() method.");
   }
}

使用者角色:维护一个注册表,并提供一个找出正确实例原型的方法。最后,提供一个获取新实例的方法,用来委托复制实例的方法生成新实例。

package com.gary.pattern;

import java.util.Hashtable;
 
public class ShapeCache {
    
   private static Hashtable<String, Shape> shapeMap 
      = new Hashtable<String, Shape>();
 
   public static Shape getShape(String shapeId) {
      Shape cachedShape = shapeMap.get(shapeId);
      return (Shape) cachedShape.clone();
   }

   /**
    * 对每种形状都运行数据库查询,并创建该形状
    * shapeMap.put(shapeKey, shape);
    * 例如,我们要添加三种形状
    */
   public static void loadCache() {
      Circle circle = new Circle();
      circle.setId("1");
      shapeMap.put(circle.getId(),circle);
 
      Square square = new Square();
      square.setId("2");
      shapeMap.put(square.getId(),square);
 
      Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle();
      rectangle.setId("3");
      shapeMap.put(rectangle.getId(),rectangle);
   }
}

测试:

package com.gary.pattern;

public class PrototypePatternDemo {
   public static void main(String[] args) {
      ShapeCache.loadCache();
 
      Shape clonedShape = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("1");
      System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape.getType());        
 
      Shape clonedShape2 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("2");
      System.out.printlna"Shape : " + clonedShape2.getType());        
 
      Shape clonedShape3 = (Shape) ShapeCache.getShape("3");
      System.out.println("Shape : " + clonedShape3.getType());        
   }
}

结果


Shape : Circle
Shape : Square
Shape : Rectangle

Process finished with exit code 0

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转载自blog.csdn.net/gary0917/article/details/85159891