SSM学习

最近学习了,SSM框架,MyBatis感觉比较简单,边看边写两三天, 只能说是知道怎么用,还不敢说有多深的理解; Spring 呢,就比较复杂了, 理论的讲解有好多,我这性子耐不住,就直接上手;利用课余时间,大概一个星期,才能基本使用;不得不说,还是多写代码管用; 在这里对最近学的进行一系列总结,以后忘了的时候还能翻过来看看;
(一)创建项目
创建maven 项目,archetype 选webapp ;生成后在main下建一个java文件夹,标记为Sources Root
在pom.xml中添加必要的依赖
db.properties :

##########//jdbc
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=utf-8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

##########//c3p0
maxPoolSize=200
minPoolSize=5
initialPoolSize=10
checkoutTimeout=300000

log4j.properties :

# ERROR ----> WARN ---> INFO --->  DEBUG 
log4j.rootLogger=DEBUG, stdout, logfile

# stdout
log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout
log4j.logger.org.apache=DEBUG

# logfile
log4j.appender.logfile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logfile.File=asset.log
log4j.appender.logfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logfile.layout.ConversionPattern=%p %d %F %M  %m%n
log4j.logger.org.apache=DEBUG

(二)mybatis配置
创建一个mybatis.xml文件,对mybaits进行配置

< ?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
< !DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
< configuration>
    <typeAliases> 
        <typeAlias alias="User" type="com.yihaomen.mybatis.model.User"/> 
    </typeAliases> 

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
        <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
            <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/test" />
            <property name="username" value="root"/>
            <property name="password" value="root"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="com/yihaomen/mybatis/model/User.xml"/>
    </mappers>
< /configuration>

然后建立model、mapper、test包;
这里写图片描述
Main中的测试代码:

 public class Main {
//
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    private static Reader reader; 

    static{
        try{
            reader    = Resources.getResourceAsReader("Configuration.xml");
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader);
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSessionFactory getSession(){
        return sqlSessionFactory;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SqlSession session = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
        try {
        StudentMapper studentMapper = session.getMapper(StudentMapper.class); 
        Student stu = studentMapper.selStudentById(1);
        System.out.println(stu);
        } finally {
        session.close();
        }
    }
}

(三)Spring
创建applicationContext.xml文件
配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- 配置Controller扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com" />
    <!-- 加载配置文件 -->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties" />
    <!-- 数据库连接池 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
        <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}" />
        <property name="minPoolSize" value="${minPoolSize}" />
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initialPoolSize}" />
        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="${checkoutTimeout}" />
    </bean>

    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--dataSource属性指定要用到的连接池-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--configLocation属性指定mybatis的核心配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis.xml"/>
    </bean>
    <!--配置Mapper扫描-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!-- 配置Mapper扫描包 -->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.mapper" />
    </bean>
</beans>

在使用了Spring后,spring 的配置文件完全可以取代mybatis的配置文件,可以把configuration 下的配置删除,但是在配置sqlSessionFactory时还要加载,所以有一个空的mybatis文件;数据源也都在spring 中配置;
同样在Main中测试:

public class Main{
 private static ApplicationContext ctx;

    static
    {
        ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    }

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        StudentMapper mapper = (StudentMapper) ctx.getBean("studentMapper");
        //测试id=1的用户查询,根据数据库中的情况,可以改成你自己的.
        System.out.println("得到用户id=1的用户信息");
        Student stu = mapper.selStudentById(1);
        System.out.println(stu);
    }
}

这里还没有用到注释,后面会使用;

(四)spring-mvc
spring-mvc.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd">
    <!-- 配置Controller扫描 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller" />
    <!-- 配置注解驱动 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
    <bean   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <!-- 前缀 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <!-- 后缀 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

还需要配置web.xml:

 <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 配置监听器加载spring -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 配置过滤器,解决post的乱码问题 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <!-- 配置springmvc什么时候启动,参数必须为整数 -->
    <!-- 如果为0或者大于0,则springMVC随着容器启动而启动 -->
    <!-- 如果小于0,则在第一次请求进来的时候启动 -->
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
    <!-- 所有的请求都进入springMVC -->
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

不要忘记添加Tomcat
编写一个controller 测试


@Controller
@RequestMapping("/main")
public class StudentController {
    @Autowired
    private StudentMapper studentMapper;

    @RequestMapping("/sel")
    public String selStudentById(Student stu){
        stu = studentMapper.selStudentById(1);
        System.out.println(stu);
        return "success";
    }
}

index.jsp:

<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <a href="/main/sel" >aaaaa</a>


</body>
</html>

success.jsp 随便写点就可以 点击链接能跳转到success.jsp 就说明成功了;

(五)出现的问题及解决
这些问题都是比较常见的,刚学的时候困扰了我好久,写出来也给自己记录一下;
1) 找不到mapper.xml 文件
写代码的时候,或者反向生成的 mapper接口和mapper.xml经常放在同一个包下,然后就发现运行会找不到xml文件;
查了几个帖子 有两种解决办法
1> 在resources建立与java下mapper 同样的目录,mapper.xml 放在此目录下; 因为某些原因,项目在编译时会忽略java路径下的xml文件;
2>比较省事的做法 在pom.xml中添加配置,

  1. <resources>  
  2.         <resource>  
  3.             <directory>src/main/java</directory>  
  4.             <includes>  
  5.                 <include>**/*.xml</include>  
  6.             </includes>  
  7.             <filtering>false</filtering>  
  8.         </resource>  
  9.     </resources> 

这样就能找到java下的xml文件了;
2)自动扫描mapper
起初使用mybatis时 需要对每一个mapper 写一个MapperFactoryBean 太过繁琐
使用MapperScannerConfigurer 自动扫描

<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
  <property name="basePackage" value="org.mybatis.spring.sample.mapper" />
</bean>

自动扫描注入 默认名字是接口名,首字母小写

(3)别名
别名,对包下的类默认 首字母小写

<typeAliases>
     <package name="cn.lxc.vo" />
</typeAliases>

暂时这些,有几个记不清了 先到再补充

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转载自blog.csdn.net/naihe0420/article/details/78185718
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