Electron快速入门------构建桌面应用程序

Electron简介：

Electron是一种运行环境库，我们可以基于此，用HTML、JS和CSS写桌面应用。
PC端的UI交互，主要有web应用和桌面应用。具体采用哪种方式，主要看系统的应用场景，哪个更合适用哪个。
对于Web应用：

优点：

部署、升级方便。用户通过浏览器就可以访问；
HTML/JS/CSS编写，方便且高效；
windows、linux都支持；

Electron环境搭建

1、安装node.js。node官网地址：https://nodejs.org/en/

2、在windows 命令行下检查node是否安装成功。分别输入 node -v， npm -v 。如果出现 node 和 npm 的版本号，则转下一步。否则转第一步。

3、在命令行，下载淘宝镜像命令工具 cnpm。

npm install cnpm -g --registry=http://registry.npm.taobao.org

4、用 cnpm 命令安装 electron。

cnpm install electron -g

检查electron版本

做一个简单的项目看下electron程序的效果。

新建一个项目目录，名字就叫desktopApp
在该目录下，新建三个文件,结构如下：

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desktopApp/
├── package.json
├── main.js
└── index.html

三个文件填入相应内容：

在package.json文件中：

{
  "name"    : "your-app",
  "version" : "0.1.0",
  "main"    : "main.js"
}

在main.js文件中


const {app, BrowserWindow} = require('electron')
const path = require('path')
const url = require('url')

// Keep a global reference of the window object, if you don't, the window will
// be closed automatically when the JavaScript object is garbage collected.
let win

function createWindow () {
  // Create the browser window.
  win = new BrowserWindow({width: 800, height: 600})

  // and load the index.html of the app.
  win.loadURL(url.format({
    pathname: path.join(__dirname, 'index.html'),
    protocol: 'file:',
    slashes: true
  }))

  // Open the DevTools.
  win.webContents.openDevTools()

  // Emitted when the window is closed.
  win.on('closed', () => {
    // Dereference the window object, usually you would store windows
    // in an array if your app supports multi windows, this is the time
    // when you should delete the corresponding element.
    win = null
  })
}

// This method will be called when Electron has finished
// initialization and is ready to create browser windows.
// Some APIs can only be used after this event occurs.
app.on('ready', createWindow)

// Quit when all windows are closed.
app.on('window-all-closed', () => {
  // On macOS it is common for applications and their menu bar
  // to stay active until the user quits explicitly with Cmd + Q
  if (process.platform !== 'darwin') {
    app.quit()
  }
})

app.on('activate', () => {
  // On macOS it's common to re-create a window in the app when the
  // dock icon is clicked and there are no other windows open.
  if (win === null) {
    createWindow()
  }
})

// In this file you can include the rest of your app's specific main process
// code. You can also put them in separate files and require them here.

在index.html文件中

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Hello World!</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <h1>Hello World!</h1>
    We are using node <script>document.write(process.versions.node)</script>,
    Chrome <script>document.write(process.versions.chrome)</script>,
    and Electron <script>document.write(process.versions.electron)</script>.
  </body>
</html>

运行，在这个项目目录下面运行一条命令就可以启动app，注意，不能丢掉点号 .

E:\electron\desktopApp>electron .