ubuntu16.04上搭建stm32f4开发环境

ubuntu16.04上搭建stm32f4开发环境

搭建交叉编译环境

stm32 属于arm cortex-m系列thumb指令集,使用的编译工具是arm-none-eabi，不同的内核的板子都是不一样的.在下面的地址可以下载到：
https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download
在电脑目录上解压，并在使用的到的bash配置文件下，设置相应的路径环境变量，比如我使用的是zsh就在相应的~/.zshrc里面加上：

    export PATH=$PATH:/home/raoxu/tool/gcc-arm-none-eabi-5_4-2016q3/bin 

任意目录下测试是否可以使用

arm-none-eabi-gcc -v

编写makefile

我的工程目录

├── \
├── include
│   ├── stm32f4xx_hal_conf.h
│   └── stm32f4xx_hal.h
├── lib
│   ├── libapp.a
│   └── libstm32.a
├── makefile
├── makefile.common
├── STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0
│   ├── Documentation
│   ├── Drivers
│   ├── _htmresc
│   ├── Makefile
│   ├── Middlewares
│   ├── package.xml
│   ├── Projects
│   ├── Release_Notes.html
│   ├── tags
│   └── Utilities
├── STM32F407VGTx_FLASH.ld
├── tags
└── user
    ├── app.a
    ├── main.c
    ├── main.h
    ├── makefile
    ├── startup_stm32f407xx.s
    ├── stm32f4xx_it.c
    ├── stm32f4xx_it.h
    └── system_stm32f4xx.c

先看根目录下的makefile.common这里是几个目录下公用的

TOP = $(shell pwd)
PROGRAM = stm32f4_out
LIBDIR = $(TOP)/lib
TypeOfMCU=STM32F407xx

TC=arm-none-eabi
CC=$(TC)-gcc
LD=$(TC)-ld -v
OBJCOPY=$(TC)-objcopy
AR=$(TC)-ar
GDB=$(TC)-gdb
INCLUDE=-I$(TOP)/include

COMMONFLAGS=-g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb
COMMONFLAGSlib=$(COMMONFLAGS)

CFLAGS+=$(COMMONFLAGS) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGS+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGS+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

CFLAGSlib+=$(COMMONFLAGSlib) -Wall -Werror $(INCLUDE)
CFLAGSlib+=-D $(TypeOfMCU)
CFLAGSlib+=-D VECT_TAB_FLASH

编译stm32的hal库，静态库

1. 接下来就是编译stm32的hal库的makefile,这是第一个版本有点粗糙，后面或不定期更新

# libs Makefile
include ../makefile.common
CFLAGSlib+=-c

STM32LIB = $(shell pwd)

obj1 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/*.o
obj2 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/*.o
inc1 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_STM32LIB/Inc
inc2 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include/
inc3 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/CMSIS/Include
inc4 = $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc

libstm32.a: $(obj1) $(obj2)
    echo "comlile stm32lib.a"
    $(AR) cr $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/$@ $^
    echo "make stm32lib success"

$(obj1) :
    echo "comlile obj1"
    cd $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/ && \
    $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
        -I$(inc1) -I$(inc2) -I$(inc3) \
        system_stm32f4xx.c

$(obj2) :
    echo "comlile obj2"
    cd $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src && \
    $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
        -I$(inc4) -I$(inc2) -I$(inc3) \
        -I../../../../include \
        *.c

.PHONY: clean 
clean:
    rm -f $(STM32LIB)/Drivers/libstm32.a $(obj1) $(obj2)

编译的结果：

make clean;make

rm -f /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/libstm32.a /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/*.o /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/*.o
echo "comlile obj1"
comlile obj1
cd /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/ && \
arm-none-eabi-gcc -g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Wall -Werror -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/include -D STM32F407xx -D VECT_TAB_FLASH -c \
    -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_STM32LIB/Inc -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include/ -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Include \
    system_stm32f4xx.c
echo "comlile obj2"
comlile obj2
cd /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src && \
arm-none-eabi-gcc -g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Wall -Werror -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/include -D STM32F407xx -D VECT_TAB_FLASH -c \
    -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include/ -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Include \
    -I../../../../include \
    *.c
echo "comlile stm32lib.a"
comlile stm32lib.a
arm-none-eabi-ar cr /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/libstm32.a /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Source/Templates/*.o /home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/*.o
echo "make stm32lib success"
make stm32lib success

可以找到./STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/libstm32.a这样静态库就编译成功了

编译用户程序，静态库

1. 简单的main.c
   写了一个简单的点灯程序，查询按键点灯

    /* Configure the GPIO_LED pin */                                                                                                                                                       
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9 | GPIO_PIN_10;                                                                                            
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;                                                                                     
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;                                                                                             
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FAST;                                                                                        

    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOF, &GPIO_InitStruct);   

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_4;                                                                                            
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;                                                                                     
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;                                                                                             
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FAST;                                                                                        

    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStruct);   

    /* Infinite loop */
    while (1)
    {
        if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOE, GPIO_PIN_4) == 1) {
            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOF, GPIO_PIN_9, SET);
            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOF, GPIO_PIN_10, SET);
        } else {
            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOF, GPIO_PIN_9, RESET);
            HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOF, GPIO_PIN_10, RESET);   
        }
    }

我是用的是正点原子的板子，按键pe4就会点亮pf9和pf10，之后下载程序后可以单步调试，看效果
接下来是user目录下的makefile

include ../makefile.common

CFLAGSlib+=-c
USER = $(shell pwd)

src += ./*.c
src += ./*.s
obj = ./*.o 
.PHONY :obj

libapp.a : $(obj)
    $(AR) cr $@ \
    $^

$(obj):
    $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
    -I../include \
    -I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
    -I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include \
    -I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Include \
    $(src)

.PHONY :clean
clean :
    rm libapp.a  $(obj)

make clean;make 之后

rm libapp.a  ./*.o 
rm: cannot remove 'libapp.a': No such file or directory
rm: cannot remove './*.o': No such file or directory
makefile:25: recipe for target 'clean' failed
make: *** [clean] Error 1
arm-none-eabi-gcc -g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -Wall -Werror -I/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/user/include -D STM32F407xx -D VECT_TAB_FLASH -c \
-I../include \
-I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc \
-I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include \
-I../STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0/Drivers/CMSIS/Include \
./*.c ./*.s
arm-none-eabi-ar cr libapp.a \
*.o

可以看到user目录下生成了libapp.a的静态库

boot文件，以及链接脚本

boot文件使用hal库里自带的汇编文件（启动文件）
链接脚本使用的是hal库在带的链接脚本
注意的是不同的芯片都需要使用不同的ｂｏｏｔ文件和链接脚本

编译链接可执行文件

根目录下的makefile

# general Makefile

include makefile.common
LDFLAGS=$(COMMONFLAGS) -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L$(LIBDIR) -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-TSTM32F407VGTx_FLASH.ld

LDLIBS+=-lstm32
LDLIBS+=-lapp

all: user STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0
    $(CC) -o $(PROGRAM).elf $(LDFLAGS) \
        -Wl,--whole-archive \
        user/libapp.a \
        -Wl,--no-whole-archive \
        $(LDLIBS)
    $(OBJCOPY) -O ihex $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).hex
    $(OBJCOPY) -O binary $(PROGRAM).elf $(PROGRAM).bin
    #Extract info contained in ELF to readable text-files:
    arm-none-eabi-readelf -a $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_elf
    arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_size
    arm-none-eabi-objdump -S $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_code
    arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s $(PROGRAM).elf > $(PROGRAM).info_symbol

STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0:
    $(MAKE) -C STM32Cube_FW_F4_V1.10.0 $@
user:
    $(MAKE) -C user $@

.PHONY: clean

# 总控的makefile使用$(MAKE)这个宏调用，子目录下的makefile
# 这里的意思是先进入-C之后的目录中然后执行该目录下的makefile

clean:
    rm $(PROGRAM).*

将两个静态库拷贝到lib目录下面去，make clean;make 运行的结果是：

rm stm32f4_out.* 
rm: cannot remove 'stm32f4_out.*': No such file or directory
makefile:34: recipe for target 'clean' failed
make: *** [clean] Error 1
arm-none-eabi-gcc -o stm32f4_out.elf -g -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -fno-exceptions -ffunction-sections -fdata-sections -L/home/raoxu/self_education/stm32_project/lib -nostartfiles -Wl,--gc-sections,-TSTM32F407VGTx_FLASH.ld \
    -Wl,--whole-archive \
    user/libapp.a \
    -Wl,--no-whole-archive \
    -lstm32 -lapp
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex stm32f4_out.elf stm32f4_out.hex
arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary stm32f4_out.elf stm32f4_out.bin
#Extract info contained in ELF to readable text-files:
arm-none-eabi-readelf -a stm32f4_out.elf > stm32f4_out.info_elf
arm-none-eabi-size -d -B -t stm32f4_out.elf > stm32f4_out.info_size
arm-none-eabi-objdump -S stm32f4_out.elf > stm32f4_out.info_code
arm-none-eabi-nm -t d -S --size-sort -s stm32f4_out.elf > stm32f4_out.info_symbol

这样就算成功了，elf文件和bin文件都有了.但是过程比较麻烦，之后我会写个脚本，简化工作.接下来搭建，下载调试的环境

搭建基于stlink opencd的，下载代码及gdb调试环境

安装stlink

1.安装libusb
sudo apt-get install libusb-dev
使用源码安装：
地址：

安装openocd

使用命令安装就可以了

sudo apt-get install openocd  

下载程序

1. 运行openocd的命令连上板子
   openocd -f interface/stlink-v2.cfg -f target/stm32f4x_stlink.cfg
   (ps：类似的命令，我使用jlink发现不能使用，只能支持f1的单片机,f4的板子无法使用)
2. 通过

gdb 调试程序