402. Remove K Digits - Medium

Given a non-negative integer num represented as a string, remove k digits from the number so that the new number is the smallest possible.

Note:

  • The length of num is less than 10002 and will be ≥ k.
  • The given num does not contain any leading zero.

Example 1:

Input: num = "1432219", k = 3
Output: "1219"
Explanation: Remove the three digits 4, 3, and 2 to form the new number 1219 which is the smallest.

 Example 2:

Input: num = "10200", k = 1
Output: "200"
Explanation: Remove the leading 1 and the number is 200. Note that the output must not contain leading zeroes.

 Example 3:

Input: num = "10", k = 2
Output: "0"
Explanation: Remove all the digits from the number and it is left with nothing which is 0.

思路:

首先考虑只删除一个数的情况。删除一个数字,结果都是总位数减少一位,在剩下相同位数的整数里,优先把高位的数字降低,对新整数的值影响最大。

遍历原整数,从左到右进行比较,如果某一位的数字大于它右边的数字,说明删除该数字后会使该数位的值降低。

每一步都找出删除一个数后的最小值,重复k次,结果就是删除k个数的最小值。(局部最优->全局最优)

注意: 用k作为外循环,遍历数字作为内循环的话时间复杂度太高。应把k作为内循环.

detail:遍历原整数的时候,用一个stack,让每数字入栈,当某个数字需要被删除时让它出栈即可。最后返回由栈中数字构成的新整数

因为可能栈的第一个元素为0,最后要再遍历一下栈中的元素,找到第一个非0的index。手动写一个由数组构成的stack更方便。

时间:O(N),空间:O(N)

class Solution {
    public String removeKdigits(String num, int k) {
        int len = num.length() - k;
        
        char[] stack = new char[num.length()];
        int top = 0;
        for(int i = 0; i < num.length(); i++) {
            char c = num.charAt(i);
            while(k > 0 && top > 0 && stack[top-1] > c) {
                top -= 1;
                k -= 1;
            }
            stack[top++] = c;
        }
        int idx = 0;
        while(idx < len && stack[idx] == '0')
            idx++;
        
        return idx == len ? "0" : new String(stack, idx, len - idx);
    }
}

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/fatttcat/p/10037640.html