Java——Web开发之Session的使用

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Session会话:是基于Cookie的一种会话机制,数据存放在服务器端。

  • Session创建:如果有在Servlet里面调用了request.getSession()。
  • Session销毁:session会话时间过期或者关闭服务器就会被销毁。设置会话时间过期时间到服务器的web.xml里设置,比如说tomcat的设置。

设置会话时间过期时间,这里用tomcat为例子:在tomcat中,默认为30分钟

Java里使用Session时使用到的方法:

  • HttpSession session= request.getSession();
  • 得到会话ID:String id=session.getId();
  • 存数据:session.setAttribute(arg0, arg1);
  • 取数据:session.getAttribute(arg0);
  • 移除数据:session.removeAttribute(arg0);
  • 强制让会话无效:session.invalidate();

方法使用案例:这个案例是模拟任务个数的打开,清除所有任务。当点击超链接时,通过使用session的方式将数据临时存储到服务器上,并进行下一次操作。

product_list.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=0"><h2>aa</h2></a><br>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=1"><h2>bb</h2></a><br>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=2"><h2>cc</h2></a><br>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=3"><h2>dd</h2></a><br>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=4"><h2>ee</h2></a><br>
	<a href="shopServlet?id=5"><h2>ff</h2></a><br>
</body>
</html>

shopServlet.java

package c.session;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class shopServlet
 */
public class shopServlet extends HttpServlet {
	
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
		//1.获取要添加任务栏的id
		int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("id"));
		String[] names={"aa","bb","cc","dd","ee","ff"};
		String name=names[id];
		//2.获取任务栏存放任务的session  Map<String,Integer>  aa 3
		
		//把一个map对象存放到session里面去,并且保证只保存一次
		
		Map<String, Integer> map=(Map<String, Integer>)request.getSession().getAttribute("shop");
		//session里面没有存放过任何东西
		if(map==null){
			map=new LinkedHashMap<String, Integer>();
			request.getSession().setAttribute("shop", map);
		}
		//3.判断任务栏有没有该任务
		if(map.containsKey(name)){
			map.put(name, map.get(name)+1);	//在原来的基础上+1
		}else{
			map.put(name, 1);	//没有该任务,置为1
		}
		
		//4.输出界面(跳转)
		response.getWriter().write("<a href='product_list.jsp'><h2>继续执行</h2></a><br>");
		response.getWriter().write("<a href='shop.jsp'><h2>所有任务</h2></a>");
	}

	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	}

}

shop.jsp

<%@page import="java.util.Map"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>您的任务栏如下:</h2>

<%
	//1.先获取到map
	Map<String,Integer> map=(Map<String,Integer>)session.getAttribute("shop");
	//2.遍历map
	if(map!=null){
	for(String key: map.keySet()){
		int value=map.get(key);
%>
	<h3>名称:<%=key %>   数量:<%=value %></h3><br>
<%		
	}
	}
 %>

<a href="clearshopServlet"><h4>清空任务栏</h4></a>

</body>
</html>

clearshopServlet.java

package c.session;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class clearshopServlet
 */
public class clearshopServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		HttpSession session=request.getSession();
		
		//强制干掉会话,里面存放的任何数据都没有了	session.invalidate();
		
		//从session中移除某一个数据
		session.removeAttribute("shop");
		response.sendRedirect("shop.jsp");
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) 
            throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	}

}

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转载自blog.csdn.net/zoweiccc/article/details/84204445