文章目录
配置Mysql主从
需求说明
配置Mysql主从，并配置zabbix监控主从的状态
环境说明
| ip | 服务器类型 |
|---|---|
| 172.16.11.22 | mysql-master端 |
| 172.16.11.21 | mysql-slave端 |
| 172.16.11.20 | zabbix服务器 |
需搭建好Mysql环境，如何搭建看这里–> 搭建Mysql
操作步骤
- 172.16.11.22
①.修改配置文件，添加如下两行
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
log-bin=mysql-log //开启log-bin日志
server-id=1 //数据库服务器的唯一标识符，主服务器的id要比从服务器小
[root@lizihan ~]# service mysqld restart
②.创建同步账号给从数据库同步用
mysql> create user 'relap'@'172.16.11.21' identified by 'relap123!'; //创建账号
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to 'relay'@'172.16.11.21' identified by 'relay123!'; //同步授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; //刷新权限
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show master status; //查看master状态
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-log.000001 | 1102 | | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- 172.16.11.21
①.修改配置文件，添加如下两行
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
relay-log=mysql-relay.log
server-id=8
[root@lizihan ~]# service mysqld restart
②.配置并启动主从复制
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[root@lizihan ~]# mysql -uroot -plzh123!
mysql> change master to //这里的master_log_pos为之前master状态里面的position值
-> master_host='172.16.11.22',
-> master_user='relay',
-> master_password='relay123!',
-> master_log_file='mysql-log.000001',
-> master_log_pos=1102;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)
mysql> start slave; //启动主从复制
mysql> show slave status \G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State:
Master_Host: 172.16.11.22
Master_User: relay
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1102
Relay_Log_File: mysql-relay.000001
Relay_Log_Pos: 4
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-log.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes //必须为Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes //必须为Yes
Replicate_Do_DB:
Replicate_Ignore_DB:
Replicate_Do_Table:
Replicate_Ignore_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
Last_Errno: 0
Last_Error:
Skip_Counter: 0
Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1102
Relay_Log_Space: 154
Until_Condition: None
Until_Log_File:
Until_Log_Pos: 0
Master_SSL_Allowed: No
Master_SSL_CA_File:
Master_SSL_CA_Path:
Master_SSL_Cert:
Master_SSL_Cipher:
Master_SSL_Key:
Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
Last_IO_Errno: 0
Last_IO_Error:
Last_SQL_Errno: 0
Last_SQL_Error:
Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
Master_Server_Id: 0
Master_UUID:
Master_Info_File: /opt/data/master.info
SQL_Delay: 0
SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
Slave_SQL_Running_State:
Master_Retry_Count: 86400
Master_Bind:
Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
Master_SSL_Crl:
Master_SSL_Crlpath:
Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
Executed_Gtid_Set:
Auto_Position: 0
Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
Channel_Name:
Master_TLS_Version:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
结果测试
- 172.16.11.22
在主服务器上面写入数据
mysql> create database zhangshan;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| zhangshan |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- 172.16.11.21
在从服务器上面查看
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| zhangshan |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
报错解决
1.当在从服务器上配置主从复制的时候配置写错
解决方法：
①.stop slave //停止slave主从复制
②.reset slave all //删除主从配置
重新配置即可
2.出现Slave_IO_Running: No
可能是因为pos值或者log_file文件名不对
①.先锁表，使主数据库无法写入数据，检查错误，然后删除配置重新配好再解锁
flush tables with read lock; //锁表
unlock tables; //解锁表
配置zabbix监控主从状态
通过zabbix监控其I/O线程和SQL线程的状态来查看主从是否同步出现异常
这里就不详细搭建lamp和zabbix了，如何搭建请看下面的文档
如何搭建lamp–> 搭建lamp
如何搭建zabbix --> 搭建zabbix
如何添加监控–> 添加监控
操作步骤
- 172.16.11.21
①.在mysql的slave端安装zabbix-agent并配置
[root@lizihan ~]# wget http://repo.zabbix.com/zabbix/4.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-4.0.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lizihan ~]# rpm -ivh zabbix-agent-4.0.0-2.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
Server=172.16.11.20 //修改地址为服务端ip
ServerActive=172.16.11.20 //修改为服务端ip
Hostname=172.16.11.21 //后面接的名称要与web界面配置的名字相同
②.写监控I/O线程和SQL线程的脚本
为了防止把密码写到命令里面会出现警告，影响过滤，需要将用户和密码添加到配置文件里面
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[client] //把用户和密码添加到client里面，可以不输密码登陆Mysql
user=root
password=lzh123!
[root@lizihan ~]# mkdir /scripts/
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /scripts/IO.sh //监控IO线程
#!/bin/bash
stat=`mysql -e 'show slave status \G' | grep -i 'running:' | sed -n '1p' | awk -F '[: ]+' '{print $3}'`
if [ $stat == Yes ];then
echo '0'
else
echo '1'
fi
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /scripts/SQL.sh //监控SQL线程
#!/bin/bash
stat=`mysql -e 'show slave status \G' | grep -i 'running:' | sed -n '2p' | awk -F '[: ]+' '{print $3}'`
if [ $stat == Yes ];then
echo '0'
else
echo '1'
fi
③.修改配置文件添加脚本路径
[root@lizihan ~]# vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
UnsafeUserParameters=0 //把值修改为1
UserParameter=check_io,/bin/bash /scripts/io.sh //脚本的路径
zabbix的web页面配置
添加主机
添加监控项
添加触发器
结果测试
当停掉mysql_slave的时候，可以看到已经触发报警
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
