六，配置VIP漂移
| 主机名 | IP地址（NAT） | 漂移VIP | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|
| mysql-db01 | eth0:192.168.0.51 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
| mysql-db02 | eth0:192.168.0.52 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
| mysql-db03 | eth0:192.168.0.53 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
6.1 IP漂移的两种方式
- 通过keepalived的方式，管理虚拟IP的漂移
- 通过MHA自带脚本方式，管理虚拟IP的漂移
6.2 MHA脚本管理方式
（1）获取管理脚本master_ip_failover
提示：yum安装的manager是没有这个脚本的。
我们需要从manager的源码包里复制一个。
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ll mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 113914 Sep 4 18:43 mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz [root@mysql-db03 ~]# tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56 [root@mysql-db03 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# cd samples/scripts/ [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# ll total 32 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 3648 Mar 31 2014 master_ip_failover #这就是管理虚拟IP的脚本 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 9870 Mar 31 2014 master_ip_online_change -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 11867 Mar 31 2014 power_manager -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 1360 Mar 31 2014 send_report [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# cp master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin/ #复制到/usr/local/bin目录下 [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# which master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover（2）修改mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default] manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #添加脚本位置 password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha #candidate_master=1 #留着备用的注释项 #check_repl_delay=0 #留着备用的注释项 [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306 （3）修改源程序自带VIP漂移脚本
#在下边的脚本里添加如下4行代码：
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# sed -n '34,37p' /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
my $vip = '192.168.0.60/24'; #定义VIP my $key = '0'; #定义网卡后缀数值，如果eth0就是0，eth1就是1 my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; #绑定VIP的命令 my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; #关闭VIP的命令特别提示：
由于自带的模板脚本特别的坑，需要修改的地方太多，因此，同学们可以直接拷贝脚本文件放到/usr/local/bin目录下，并赋予x权限。
修改后的master_ip_failover脚本的内容如下：
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port ); my $vip = '192.168.0.60/24'; my $key = '0'; my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; GetOptions( 'command=s' => \$command, 'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user, 'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host, 'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip, 'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port, 'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host, 'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip, 'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port, ); exit &main(); sub main { if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) { my $exit_code = 1; eval { print "Disabling the VIP on old master:$orig_master_host \n"; &stop_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn "Got Error: $@\n"; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "start" ) { my $exit_code = 10; eval { print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n"; &start_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn $@; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "status" ) { print "Checking the Status of the script..OK \n"; `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`; exit 0; } else { &usage(); exit 1; } } sub start_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`; } sub stop_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`; } sub usage { print "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n"; }（4）重启动mha管理端
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #查看mha进程
root 14138 13211 0 19:22 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover [root@mysql-db03 ~]# pkill perl #杀掉perl进程 [1]+ Exit 1 nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #查看mha进程 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > #启动mha进程 /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &提示：
如果启动mha进程失败，需要进行mha的连接检测masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnfssh连接检测masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf主从复制检测
6.3 VIP漂移脚本验证测试。
架构初始状态：
（1）查看mysql-db01网络状态
（2）停掉mysql-db01的MySQL数据库服务
[root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS! [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ifconfig #VIP消失了 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:59:7C:EF inet addr:192.168.0.51 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe59:7cef/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:316130 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:58058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:363635227 (346.7 MiB) TX bytes:6462008 (6.1 MiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:9752 (9.5 KiB) TX bytes:9752 (9.5 KiB)（3）查看mysql-db02
[root@mysql-db02 ~]# ifconfig #VIP出现了
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:4C:D5:92 inet addr:192.168.0.52 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:d592/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:287225 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:47133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:361247254 (344.5 MiB) TX bytes:5159560 (4.9 MiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:4C:D5:92 inet addr:192.168.0.60 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:7718 (7.5 KiB) TX bytes:7718 (7.5 KiB)（4）查看mysql-db03的主从同步情况
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -e 'show slave status\G' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 #mysql-db03的主库已经切换为mysql-db02 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db03-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes（5）mysql-db01故障恢复
[root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db01-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes （6）补上缺失的mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default] manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306（7）启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[1] 14921
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep root 14921 13211 3 20:11 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover此时的架构状态
七，配置binlog-server备份服务器
主库宕机，也许会造成主库binlog复制不及时而导致数据丢失的情况出现，因此配置binlog-server进行时时同步备份，是必要的一种安全手段。
7.1 修改mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data #全局的binlog存放位置 master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306 [binlog1] #添加binlog模块 no_master=1 #不允许切换为主 hostname=192.168.0.53 #存放IP master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/ #binlog存放位置优先级比全局的高7.2 拉取主库上的binlog日志到mysql-db03的存放目录里
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog #创建存放目录
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cd /data/mysql/binlog/ #进入存放目录
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll
total 0
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# which mysqlbinlog /usr/local/bin/mysqlbinlog [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --user=mha --password=123123 --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 & #拉取主库binlog [2] 15694 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll total 32 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 331 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3114 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 254 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 800 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2714 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 120 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000008 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep root 16061 12786 0 20:53 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --user=mha --password=x xxxx --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.0000017.3 启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
root 15697 13211 0 20:42 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover八，mysql中间件Atlas
8.1 Atlas简介
Atlas是由Qihoo-360公司web平台部基础架构团队开发维护的一个基于MySQL协议的数据中间层项目。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy-0.8.2版本的基础上，修改了大量bug，添加了很多功能特性。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy0.8.2版本的基础上，修改了大量bug，添加了很多功能特性。
8.2 Atlas主要功能
- 读写分离
- 从库负载均衡
- IP过滤
- 自动分表
- DBA可平滑上下线DB
- 自动摘除宕机的DB
8.3 Atlas相对于官方MySQL-Proxy的优势
- 将主流程中所有Lua代码用C重写，Lua仅用于管理接口。
- 重写网络模型，线程模型
- 实现了真正意义上的连接池
- 优化了锁机制，性能提高数十倍
8.4 安装Atlas
同学么比较有福气，安装Atlas超级简单，官方提供的Atlas有两种：
(普通)：Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
（分表）：Atlas-sharding_1.0.1-el6.x86_64.rpm
这里我们只需要下载普通的即可
[root@mysql-db03 rpm]# rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package Atlas-2.2.1-1.x86_64 is already installed 8.5 配置Atlas
当我们用vim打开/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf时，我们惊喜的发现。。。这个配置文件完全都根本不用讲。。。简直太简单了。好了课程到此结束，同学们自行阅读。
（1）配置文件里需要做如下修改：
#需要修改的内容一览：
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat -n /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf.bak | egrep -w "12|15|18|30|36|48"
12 proxy-backend-addresses = 127.0.0.1:3306 15 #proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 127.0.0.1:3305@1 18 pwds = user1:+jKsgB3YAG8=, user2:GS+tr4TPgqc= 30 log-level = message 36 #sql-log = OFF 45 proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:1234 48 admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345 #将上边内容修改为如下配置： [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat -n /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf | egrep -w "12|15|18|30|36|48" 12 proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.60:3307 #这里添加VIP地址 15 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.51:3307@1,192.168.0.53:3307@1 #从库地址 18 pwds = root:++gAN07C/Q0=,mha:++gAN07C/Q0= #MySQL授权用户账号密码（密码要加密） 30 log-level = error #日志级别 36 sql-log = ON #打开日志 45 proxy-address = 192.168.0.53:3306 #Atlas的工作监听端口（提供代理服务） 48 admin-address = 192.168.0.53:1234 #Atlas的管理监听端口 > 提示： > 主从复制的主从数据库的默认3306端口需要修改成3307 > 第18行为登陆MySQL的授权账号信息，其中密码需要加密（通过/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt加密工具来加密） （2）修改每个数据库的服务端口为3307
#先杀掉mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep
root 15697 1 0 Sep05 ? 00:00:09 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover [root@mysql-db03 conf]# kill -9 15697 [root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #修改mysql-db01,mysql-db02,mysql-db03上的MySQL服务端口为3307 [root@mysql-db03 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 [root@mysql-db02 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 [root@mysql-db01 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 （3）重启每个数据库的服务
过程略
（4）将从库mysql-db01和mysql-db03指向主库mysql-db02进行同步
#mysql-db01和mysql-db03的操作步骤相同
mysql> stop slave; #停止从同步 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123'; #授权同步信息 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave; #开始同步 ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'slavee' at line 1 mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec) mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db01-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Slave_IO_Running: Yes #同步成功 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #同步成功 Replicate_Do_DB: （5）修改mha配置文件
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1
master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3307 #修改端口号 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3307 #修改端口号 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3307 #修改端口号 [binlog1] no_master=1 hostname=192.168.0.53 master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/（6）启动mysqlbinlog日志备份的进程
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --port=3307 --user=mha --password=123123 --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 &
[1] 24880 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep root 24880 22198 0 01:38 pts/1 00:00:00 mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --port=3307 --user=mha --password=x xxxx --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 （7）启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[1] 24895
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep root 24895 17795 3 01:41 pts/0 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover（8）启动Atlas服务
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start
OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mysql-proxy | grep -v grep
root 25005 1 0 01:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf root 25006 25005 0 01:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf [root@mysql-db03 conf]# #说明： #为何启动服务需要加test，因为在Atlas配置文件里定义了一个实例名字为test #Atlas实际是启动了某个实例（当然也可以多实例） [root@mysql-db03 conf]# netstat -antup | grep mysql-proxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1234 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 25006/mysql-proxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 25006/mysql-proxy #说明： #监听3306的为Atlas对外提供代理的端口；监听1234是Atlas的管理监听端口8.6 登陆Atlas管理端口
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# mysql -uuser -ppwd -P1234 -h 192.168.0.53 #登陆Atlas管理端 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; #看所有库，报错，并不让看 ERROR 1105 (07000): use 'SELECT * FROM help' to see the supported commands mysql> select * from help； #按提示输入命令 +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | command | description | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | SELECT * FROM help | shows this help | | SELECT * FROM backends | lists the backends and their state | | SET OFFLINE $backend_id | offline backend server, $backend_id is backend_ndxs id | | SET ONLINE $backend_id | online backend server, ... | | ADD MASTER $backend | example: "add master 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | ADD SLAVE $backend | example: "add slave 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | REMOVE BACKEND $backend_id | example: "remove backend 1", ... | | SELECT * FROM clients | lists the clients | | ADD CLIENT $client | example: "add client 192.168.1.2", ... | | REMOVE CLIENT $client | example: "remove client 192.168.1.2", ... | | SELECT * FROM pwds | lists the pwds | | ADD PWD $pwd | example: "add pwd user:raw_password", ... | | ADD ENPWD $pwd | example: "add enpwd user:encrypted_password", ... | | REMOVE PWD $pwd | example: "remove pwd user", ... | | SAVE CONFIG | save the backends to config file | | SELECT VERSION | display the version of Atlas | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from backends； #输入上边列表里的命令，出现下表 +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ | backend_ndx | address | state | type | +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ | 1 | 192.168.0.60:3307 | up | rw | | 2 | 192.168.0.51:3307 | up | ro | | 3 | 192.168.0.53:3307 | up | ro | +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)这里是平滑管理界面，可以在这里根据选项修改设置
8.7 进行读写分离及读负载均衡测试
（1）在mysql-db01和mysql-db03上的本地MySQL（3307端口）创建一个库
#在mysql-db03上的本地3307端口的数据库里创建一个库
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307 #登陆本地MySQL
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 30 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database db03; #创建一个库db03 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | db03 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) #在mysql-db01上的本地3307端口的数据库里创建一个库 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 37 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database db01; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | db01 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)（2）登陆mysql-db02（主库）进行查看
[root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | #主库192.168.0.52里并没有之前创建的db01或db03 | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)（3）在mysql-db03的本地登陆Atlas代理的3306端口
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -h 192.168.0.53
由此可见，已经实现了读负载均衡
（4）我们在mysql-db03的Atlas代理的MySQL服务端口里进行写入操作，测试读写分离
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -h 192.168.0.53
由此可见，mysql-db01和mysql-db3的库里都出现了test20170910的库。只有一个可能，数据是被写入了主库192.168.0.52里，然后同步到的从库。因此，读写分离测试完毕。
六，配置VIP漂移
| 主机名 | IP地址（NAT） | 漂移VIP | 描述 |
|---|---|---|---|
| mysql-db01 | eth0:192.168.0.51 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
| mysql-db02 | eth0:192.168.0.52 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
| mysql-db03 | eth0:192.168.0.53 | VIP：192.168.0.60 | 系统：CentOS6.5（6.x都可以） 安装：mysql5.6 |
6.1 IP漂移的两种方式
- 通过keepalived的方式，管理虚拟IP的漂移
- 通过MHA自带脚本方式，管理虚拟IP的漂移
6.2 MHA脚本管理方式
（1）获取管理脚本master_ip_failover
提示：yum安装的manager是没有这个脚本的。
我们需要从manager的源码包里复制一个。
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ll mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 113914 Sep 4 18:43 mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz [root@mysql-db03 ~]# tar xf mha4mysql-manager-0.56.tar.gz [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cd mha4mysql-manager-0.56 [root@mysql-db03 mha4mysql-manager-0.56]# cd samples/scripts/ [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# ll total 32 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 3648 Mar 31 2014 master_ip_failover #这就是管理虚拟IP的脚本 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 9870 Mar 31 2014 master_ip_online_change -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 11867 Mar 31 2014 power_manager -rwxr-xr-x. 1 4984 users 1360 Mar 31 2014 send_report [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# cp master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin/ #复制到/usr/local/bin目录下 [root@mysql-db03 scripts]# which master_ip_failover /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover（2）修改mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default] manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover #添加脚本位置 password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha #candidate_master=1 #留着备用的注释项 #check_repl_delay=0 #留着备用的注释项 [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306 （3）修改源程序自带VIP漂移脚本
#在下边的脚本里添加如下4行代码：
[root@mysql-db03 scripts]# sed -n '34,37p' /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
my $vip = '192.168.0.60/24'; #定义VIP my $key = '0'; #定义网卡后缀数值，如果eth0就是0，eth1就是1 my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; #绑定VIP的命令 my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; #关闭VIP的命令特别提示：
由于自带的模板脚本特别的坑，需要修改的地方太多，因此，同学们可以直接拷贝脚本文件放到/usr/local/bin目录下，并赋予x权限。
修改后的master_ip_failover脚本的内容如下：
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use warnings FATAL => 'all'; use Getopt::Long; my ( $command, $ssh_user, $orig_master_host, $orig_master_ip, $orig_master_port, $new_master_host, $new_master_ip, $new_master_port ); my $vip = '192.168.0.60/24'; my $key = '0'; my $ssh_start_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key $vip"; my $ssh_stop_vip = "/sbin/ifconfig eth0:$key down"; GetOptions( 'command=s' => \$command, 'ssh_user=s' => \$ssh_user, 'orig_master_host=s' => \$orig_master_host, 'orig_master_ip=s' => \$orig_master_ip, 'orig_master_port=i' => \$orig_master_port, 'new_master_host=s' => \$new_master_host, 'new_master_ip=s' => \$new_master_ip, 'new_master_port=i' => \$new_master_port, ); exit &main(); sub main { if ( $command eq "stop" || $command eq "stopssh" ) { my $exit_code = 1; eval { print "Disabling the VIP on old master:$orig_master_host \n"; &stop_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn "Got Error: $@\n"; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "start" ) { my $exit_code = 10; eval { print "Enabling the VIP - $vip on the new master - $new_master_host \n"; &start_vip(); $exit_code = 0; }; if ($@) { warn $@; exit $exit_code; } exit $exit_code; } elsif ( $command eq "status" ) { print "Checking the Status of the script..OK \n"; `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`; exit 0; } else { &usage(); exit 1; } } sub start_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user\@$new_master_host \" $ssh_start_vip \"`; } sub stop_vip() { `ssh $ssh_user\@$orig_master_host \" $ssh_stop_vip \"`; } sub usage { print "Usage: master_ip_failover --command=start|stop|stopssh|status --orig_master_host=host --orig_master_ip=ip --orig_master_port=port --new_master_host=host --new_master_ip=ip --new_master_port=port\n"; }（4）重启动mha管理端
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #查看mha进程
root 14138 13211 0 19:22 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover [root@mysql-db03 ~]# pkill perl #杀掉perl进程 [1]+ Exit 1 nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #查看mha进程 [root@mysql-db03 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > #启动mha进程 /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &提示：
如果启动mha进程失败，需要进行mha的连接检测masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnfssh连接检测masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf主从复制检测
6.3 VIP漂移脚本验证测试。
架构初始状态：
（1）查看mysql-db01网络状态
（2）停掉mysql-db01的MySQL数据库服务
[root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld stop Shutting down MySQL..... SUCCESS! [root@mysql-db01 ~]# ifconfig #VIP消失了 eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:59:7C:EF inet addr:192.168.0.51 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe59:7cef/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:316130 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:58058 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:363635227 (346.7 MiB) TX bytes:6462008 (6.1 MiB) lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:69 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:9752 (9.5 KiB) TX bytes:9752 (9.5 KiB)（3）查看mysql-db02
[root@mysql-db02 ~]# ifconfig #VIP出现了
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:4C:D5:92 inet addr:192.168.0.52 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe4c:d592/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:287225 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:47133 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:361247254 (344.5 MiB) TX bytes:5159560 (4.9 MiB) eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:4C:D5:92 inet addr:192.168.0.60 Bcast:192.168.0.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:45 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:7718 (7.5 KiB) TX bytes:7718 (7.5 KiB)（4）查看mysql-db03的主从同步情况
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -e 'show slave status\G' Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 #mysql-db03的主库已经切换为mysql-db02 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db03-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes（5）mysql-db01故障恢复
[root@mysql-db01 ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS! [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3306, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.02 sec) mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec) mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db01-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000008 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes （6）补上缺失的mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# vim /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default] manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306（7）启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[1] 14921
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep root 14921 13211 3 20:11 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover此时的架构状态
七，配置binlog-server备份服务器
主库宕机，也许会造成主库binlog复制不及时而导致数据丢失的情况出现，因此配置binlog-server进行时时同步备份，是必要的一种安全手段。
7.1 修改mha配置文件
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat /etc/mha/mha1.cnf
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1 master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data #全局的binlog存放位置 master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3306 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3306 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3306 [binlog1] #添加binlog模块 no_master=1 #不允许切换为主 hostname=192.168.0.53 #存放IP master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/ #binlog存放位置优先级比全局的高7.2 拉取主库上的binlog日志到mysql-db03的存放目录里
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog #创建存放目录
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cd /data/mysql/binlog/ #进入存放目录
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll
total 0
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# which mysqlbinlog /usr/local/bin/mysqlbinlog [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --user=mha --password=123123 --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 & #拉取主库binlog [2] 15694 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ll total 32 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000001 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 143 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000002 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 331 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000003 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3114 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000004 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 254 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000005 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 800 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000006 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2714 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000007 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 120 Sep 5 20:53 mysql-bin.000008 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep root 16061 12786 0 20:53 pts/2 00:00:00 mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --user=mha --password=x xxxx --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.0000017.3 启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
root 15697 13211 0 20:42 pts/3 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover八，mysql中间件Atlas
8.1 Atlas简介
Atlas是由Qihoo-360公司web平台部基础架构团队开发维护的一个基于MySQL协议的数据中间层项目。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy-0.8.2版本的基础上，修改了大量bug，添加了很多功能特性。它在MySQL官方推出的MySQL-Proxy0.8.2版本的基础上，修改了大量bug，添加了很多功能特性。
8.2 Atlas主要功能
- 读写分离
- 从库负载均衡
- IP过滤
- 自动分表
- DBA可平滑上下线DB
- 自动摘除宕机的DB
8.3 Atlas相对于官方MySQL-Proxy的优势
- 将主流程中所有Lua代码用C重写，Lua仅用于管理接口。
- 重写网络模型，线程模型
- 实现了真正意义上的连接池
- 优化了锁机制，性能提高数十倍
8.4 安装Atlas
同学么比较有福气，安装Atlas超级简单，官方提供的Atlas有两种：
(普通)：Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
（分表）：Atlas-sharding_1.0.1-el6.x86_64.rpm
这里我们只需要下载普通的即可
[root@mysql-db03 rpm]# rpm -ivh Atlas-2.2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%] package Atlas-2.2.1-1.x86_64 is already installed 8.5 配置Atlas
当我们用vim打开/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf时，我们惊喜的发现。。。这个配置文件完全都根本不用讲。。。简直太简单了。好了课程到此结束，同学们自行阅读。
（1）配置文件里需要做如下修改：
#需要修改的内容一览：
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat -n /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf.bak | egrep -w "12|15|18|30|36|48"
12 proxy-backend-addresses = 127.0.0.1:3306 15 #proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 127.0.0.1:3305@1 18 pwds = user1:+jKsgB3YAG8=, user2:GS+tr4TPgqc= 30 log-level = message 36 #sql-log = OFF 45 proxy-address = 0.0.0.0:1234 48 admin-address = 0.0.0.0:2345 #将上边内容修改为如下配置： [root@mysql-db03 ~]# cat -n /usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf | egrep -w "12|15|18|30|36|48" 12 proxy-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.60:3307 #这里添加VIP地址 15 proxy-read-only-backend-addresses = 192.168.0.51:3307@1,192.168.0.53:3307@1 #从库地址 18 pwds = root:++gAN07C/Q0=,mha:++gAN07C/Q0= #MySQL授权用户账号密码（密码要加密） 30 log-level = error #日志级别 36 sql-log = ON #打开日志 45 proxy-address = 192.168.0.53:3306 #Atlas的工作监听端口（提供代理服务） 48 admin-address = 192.168.0.53:1234 #Atlas的管理监听端口 > 提示： > 主从复制的主从数据库的默认3306端口需要修改成3307 > 第18行为登陆MySQL的授权账号信息，其中密码需要加密（通过/usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/encrypt加密工具来加密） （2）修改每个数据库的服务端口为3307
#先杀掉mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep
root 15697 1 0 Sep05 ? 00:00:09 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover [root@mysql-db03 conf]# kill -9 15697 [root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mha | grep -v grep #修改mysql-db01,mysql-db02,mysql-db03上的MySQL服务端口为3307 [root@mysql-db03 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 [root@mysql-db02 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 [root@mysql-db01 conf]# sed -n '13p' /etc/my.cnf port = 3307 （3）重启每个数据库的服务
过程略
（4）将从库mysql-db01和mysql-db03指向主库mysql-db02进行同步
#mysql-db01和mysql-db03的操作步骤相同
mysql> stop slave; #停止从同步 Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.52', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1, MASTER_USER='rep', MASTER_PASSWORD='123123'; #授权同步信息 Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec) mysql> start slave; #开始同步 ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'slavee' at line 1 mysql> start slave; Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec) mysql> show slave status\G *************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: 192.168.0.52 Master_User: rep Master_Port: 3307 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 271 Relay_Log_File: mysql-db01-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 361 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000010 Slave_IO_Running: Yes #同步成功 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes #同步成功 Replicate_Do_DB: （5）修改mha配置文件
[server default]
manager_log=/var/log/mha/mha1/manager
manager_workdir=/var/log/mha/mha1
master_binlog_dir=/usr/local/mysql/data
master_ip_failover_script=/usr/local/bin/master_ip_failover password=123123 ping_interval=2 repl_password=123123 repl_user=rep ssh_user=root user=mha [server1] hostname=192.168.0.51 port=3307 #修改端口号 [server2] hostname=192.168.0.52 port=3307 #修改端口号 [server3] hostname=192.168.0.53 port=3307 #修改端口号 [binlog1] no_master=1 hostname=192.168.0.53 master_binlog_dir=/data/mysql/binlog/（6）启动mysqlbinlog日志备份的进程
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --port=3307 --user=mha --password=123123 --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 &
[1] 24880 [root@mysql-db03 binlog]# ps -ef | grep mysqlbinlog | grep -v grep root 24880 22198 0 01:38 pts/1 00:00:00 mysqlbinlog -R --host=192.168.0.52 --port=3307 --user=mha --password=x xxxx --raw --stop-never mysql-bin.000001 （7）启动mha管理进程
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /var/log/mha/mha1/manager.log 2>&1 &
[1] 24895
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep perl | grep -v grep root 24895 17795 3 01:41 pts/0 00:00:00 perl /usr/bin/masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha1.cnf --remove_dead_master_conf --ignore_last_failover（8）启动Atlas服务
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxyd test start
OK: MySQL-Proxy of test is started
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# ps -ef | grep mysql-proxy | grep -v grep
root 25005 1 0 01:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf root 25006 25005 0 01:43 ? 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --defaults-file=/usr/local/mysql-proxy/conf/test.cnf [root@mysql-db03 conf]# #说明： #为何启动服务需要加test，因为在Atlas配置文件里定义了一个实例名字为test #Atlas实际是启动了某个实例（当然也可以多实例） [root@mysql-db03 conf]# netstat -antup | grep mysql-proxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:1234 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 25006/mysql-proxy tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 25006/mysql-proxy #说明： #监听3306的为Atlas对外提供代理的端口；监听1234是Atlas的管理监听端口8.6 登陆Atlas管理端口
[root@mysql-db03 conf]# mysql -uuser -ppwd -P1234 -h 192.168.0.53 #登陆Atlas管理端 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 1 Server version: 5.0.99-agent-admin Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; #看所有库，报错，并不让看 ERROR 1105 (07000): use 'SELECT * FROM help' to see the supported commands mysql> select * from help； #按提示输入命令 +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | command | description | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ | SELECT * FROM help | shows this help | | SELECT * FROM backends | lists the backends and their state | | SET OFFLINE $backend_id | offline backend server, $backend_id is backend_ndxs id | | SET ONLINE $backend_id | online backend server, ... | | ADD MASTER $backend | example: "add master 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | ADD SLAVE $backend | example: "add slave 127.0.0.1:3306", ... | | REMOVE BACKEND $backend_id | example: "remove backend 1", ... | | SELECT * FROM clients | lists the clients | | ADD CLIENT $client | example: "add client 192.168.1.2", ... | | REMOVE CLIENT $client | example: "remove client 192.168.1.2", ... | | SELECT * FROM pwds | lists the pwds | | ADD PWD $pwd | example: "add pwd user:raw_password", ... | | ADD ENPWD $pwd | example: "add enpwd user:encrypted_password", ... | | REMOVE PWD $pwd | example: "remove pwd user", ... | | SAVE CONFIG | save the backends to config file | | SELECT VERSION | display the version of Atlas | +----------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+ 16 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from backends； #输入上边列表里的命令，出现下表 +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ | backend_ndx | address | state | type | +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ | 1 | 192.168.0.60:3307 | up | rw | | 2 | 192.168.0.51:3307 | up | ro | | 3 | 192.168.0.53:3307 | up | ro | +-------------+-------------------+-------+------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)这里是平滑管理界面，可以在这里根据选项修改设置
8.7 进行读写分离及读负载均衡测试
（1）在mysql-db01和mysql-db03上的本地MySQL（3307端口）创建一个库
#在mysql-db03上的本地3307端口的数据库里创建一个库
[root@mysql-db03 binlog]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307 #登陆本地MySQL
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 30 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database db03; #创建一个库db03 Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | db03 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec) #在mysql-db01上的本地3307端口的数据库里创建一个库 [root@mysql-db01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307 Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 37 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> create database db01; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | db01 | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)（2）登陆mysql-db02（主库）进行查看
[root@mysql-db02 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -P3307
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 11 Server version: 5.6.17-log MySQL Community Server (GPL) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | benet | | mysql | #主库192.168.0.52里并没有之前创建的db01或db03 | performance_schema | | test | | yunjisuan | +--------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)（3）在mysql-db03的本地登陆Atlas代理的3306端口
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -h 192.168.0.53
由此可见，已经实现了读负载均衡
（4）我们在mysql-db03的Atlas代理的MySQL服务端口里进行写入操作，测试读写分离
[root@mysql-db03 ~]# mysql -uroot -p123123 -h 192.168.0.53
由此可见，mysql-db01和mysql-db3的库里都出现了test20170910的库。只有一个可能，数据是被写入了主库192.168.0.52里，然后同步到的从库。因此，读写分离测试完毕。