CS 202留学生作业代写、代做Java程序作业、代写Programming Systems作业、代做Java编程作业
Programming Assignment #3
CS 202 Programming Systems
***This program is about operator overloading ***
Primary Goal for program #3:
The primary goal for program #3 is to experience operator overloading in an object
oriented environment. We want to correctly create classes that properly support
the copy constructor, destructor, and now the assignment operator when dynamic
memory is involved. Remember that copy constructors in a hierarchy require the
use of initialization lists to cause the base class copy constructor to be invoked.
Every class that manages dynamic memory must have a copy constructor,
destructor, and assignment operator.
Your primary goal with program #3 is to apply the functionality of the operators,
the appropriate arguments (operand data types) and returned types (residual
values for the operators) to the following problem. Think about how the operators
are used and try to mimic the behavior in your own classes. How is the returned
type used? Who controls the memory of the residual value? The client program
(lvalue) or the operator (rvalue). Make sure to pass (and return) by reference
whenever possible!
Remember OOP:
With OOP the key idea is to break down the problem outlined (below) into small
pieces and assign those responsibilities to individual classes. For each assignment,
your job will be to create an OO design and program that shows how Object
Oriented constructs could be used to solve a real-world problem. You will want to
focus on how to design classes that are well structured, efficient, that work
together, and where each class has a specific “job”. This time you are adding
operator overloading as the new syntax for your solution!
Before you design this program, take a look back at your first two programs. Did
you tie the data structures into the midst of your OO designs? Did the designs
really become all about the data structure and not so much about the problem at
hand? The key to OOP in my opinion is to create the design based on the problem
prior to applying the data structure. The data structures are about how we handle
the data – not necessarily the key to OOP. For this assignment, your application
will be the OOP portion of the assignment. Then, implement the data structures.
CS201 Fall 2018 Program #3
Program #3 – The Problem
We are entering the holiday season. Do you like to get together with friends or
family members? My sister always puts on some great feasts for us. Of course
many of us need to consider what foods we can or should actually eat. Are there
nuts? Gluten? Are there non-alcoholic choices for beverages? Many of us have
dietary restrictions needing gluten free, or needing to know about the contents of
nuts as well as many others. We also might need to select dishes based on their
known caloric or sugar values (it is not a pretty sight when my family has too
much sugar!). So, we want to develop an application that will allow a host to
communicate to others what options are available.
The Data: Your job for program #3 is to create a Food data type that allows users
to enter in specifics about that item in terms of common dietary restrictions. You
are to support at least three different types of food items that are similar yet
different (e.g., main_course, desert, beverages, etc.); the three types may be of your
selection but they should have similar but yet different characteristics. At least two
of your classes must support dynamically allocated data as part of the class (e.g.,
the name as a char *). Please have fun with these cclasses and come up with some
of your own characteristics.
Making it OO: We will use this concept to develop an OO application. You will
want to develop at least five classes, as normal. Make sure to use single inheritance
in your design. To break down the problem, think about what is similar or
different about different kinds of food characteristics. Use inheritance to push up
the common elements to the base class! Then, have the derived classes handle the
differences. Remember to avoid getters as much as possible with these classes –
instead implement the functions that actually work ON the data IN the classes that
own the data!! This is where you will get the most benefit of OOP.
Searching and the Data structure: Our data structure will be a TREE of food items
that are part of the hosts planned menu. You have an option with this – the TREE
can either be implemented as a Binary Search Tree (BST) or it can be implemented
as a 2-3-4 balanced tree. If you select a BST, then a balanced tree will be assigned
to you for Program #4 (in Java). *** If you are implementing a balanced tree, you
will not be expected to implement an individual removal operation (we will not
be removing individual characteristics in a balanced tree!). You can have three
different data structures for the three different types of food, or you may use dynamic
binding with upcasting, using just one data structure.
CS201 Fall 2018 Program #3
Operator Overloading: The key part of this assignment is to implement a complete
set of operators. The operators to support must include: =, +, +=, ==, !=, the
relational/equality operators, and the ability to input/output data. I imagine the []
would be useful as well for searching for a match. As you decide how to apply the
operators, make sure to stay within the rules of how the operators are expected to
behave.
All of the aforementioned operators NEED to be implemented. But, they do not
need to be implemented in the same class. OPERATORS DO NOT COUNT if
they are only implemented for a ‘string-like’ class. Although you MAY write
your own STRING data type, it can’t be the only place you use operator
overloading (since the code is in topic #6!).
Of course, the = operator needs to be implemented in all classes that manage
dynamic memory – and don’t forget your copy constructors!!!!
Questions to ask…about operator overloading
When using operator overloading, remember to ask yourself the following
questions:
a) What should be the residual value (and what data type is this)?
- Never have a void returning operator!
b) Should the result be a modifiable lvalue or an rvalue?
- Lvalues are returned by reference, most rvalues are returned by value.
c) What are the data types of the operator’s operands?
- If the operand isn’t changed, then make it a const
- Remember to pass as a constant reference whenever possible.
d) Is the first operand always an object of class?
- If so, then it could be a member function.
e) Can the operator be used with constant operands?
- If the first operand can be a constant, and IF it is a member function, then
it should be a constant member function.
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