Ubuntu16.04配置cuda+cuDNN

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Ubuntu16.04配置cuda+cuDNN

之前一直是用.deb文件安装cuda，自动安装显卡驱动，简单粗暴稳得一笔。但是因为用deb文件安装cuda时显卡驱动是从源上下载的，方便的同时也带了一些问题。
最近可能是Ubuntu的源抽风了，安装cuda的时候自动装的显卡驱动有问题，安装结束后nvidia-smi找不到显卡，因此记录下从.run文件安装cuda的步骤以备不时之需。

卸载原有驱动

sudo apt-get remove --purge nvidia*

不过为了稳妥起见我还是先重装系统，毕竟重装系统能省掉很多不必要的麻烦。

禁用Ubuntu自带的显卡驱动nouveau

sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf

在最后添加如下内容

blacklist vga16fb
blacklist nouveau
blacklist rivafb
blacklist rivatv
blacklist nvidiafb

保存后退出
输入

sudo update-initramfs -u 

然后重启电脑

安装显卡驱动

这里要尤其注意，安装显卡驱动要先切换到文字界面，(按Ctrl+Alt+F1~F6).所以，启动电脑后，先进入文字界面，然后输入命令

sudo service lightdm stop
sudo bash NVIDIA-Linux-x86_64-390.87.run

安装完成后输入
每次安装的时候nvidia会让你看一大堆协议，可以:q直接跳过看协议，直接进入accept界面。

sudo nvidia-smi

如果看到GPU的信息列表则说明安装成功

Thu Oct 11 16:00:03 2018
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 390.87                 Driver Version: 390.87                    |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU  Name        Persistence-M| Bus-Id        Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan  Temp  Perf  Pwr:Usage/Cap|         Memory-Usage | GPU-Util  Compute M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
|   0  GeForce GTX 108...  Off  | 00000000:0B:00.0  On |                  N/A |
| 23%   33C    P8    10W / 250W |    368MiB / 11177MiB |      1%      Default |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+

+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes:                                                       GPU Memory |
|  GPU       PID   Type   Process name                             Usage      |
|=============================================================================|
|    0      1193      G   /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg                           209MiB |
|    0      2024      G   compiz                                       143MiB |
|    0      2310      G   /usr/bin/nvidia-settings                      13MiB |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+

然后重启电脑

安装CUDA

sudo bash cuda_9.1.85_387.26_linux.run
sudo bash cuda_9.1.85.1_linux.run
sudo bash cuda_9.1.85.2_linux.run
sudo bash cuda_9.1.85.3_linux.run

注意：执行后会有一系列提示让你确认，但是注意，有个让你选择是否安装nvidia387驱动时，一定要选择否：

Install NVIDIA Accelerated Graphics Driver for Linux-x86_64 387.26?

因为前面我们已经安装了更加新的nvidia387，所以这里不要选择安装。其余的都直接默认或者选择是即可。

配置环境变量

打开~/.bashrc文件：

sudo gedit ~/.bashrc 

将以下内容写入到~/.bashrc尾部：

export PATH=/usr/local/cuda-9.1/bin${PATH:+:${PATH}}
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda9.1/lib64${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}}

测试CUDA的samples

cd /usr/local/cuda-9.1/samples/1_Utilities/deviceQuery
sudo make
sudo ./deviceQuery

如果显示一些关于GPU的信息，则说明安装成功。

./deviceQuery Starting...

 CUDA Device Query (Runtime API) version (CUDART static linking)

Detected 1 CUDA Capable device(s)

Device 0: "GeForce GTX 1080 Ti"
  CUDA Driver Version / Runtime Version          9.1 / 9.1
  CUDA Capability Major/Minor version number:    6.1
  Total amount of global memory:                 11177 MBytes (11720130560 bytes)
  (28) Multiprocessors, (128) CUDA Cores/MP:     3584 CUDA Cores
  GPU Max Clock rate:                            1582 MHz (1.58 GHz)
  Memory Clock rate:                             5505 Mhz
  Memory Bus Width:                              352-bit
  L2 Cache Size:                                 2883584 bytes
  Maximum Texture Dimension Size (x,y,z)         1D=(131072), 2D=(131072, 65536), 3D=(16384, 16384, 16384)
  Maximum Layered 1D Texture Size, (num) layers  1D=(32768), 2048 layers
  Maximum Layered 2D Texture Size, (num) layers  2D=(32768, 32768), 2048 layers
  Total amount of constant memory:               65536 bytes
  Total amount of shared memory per block:       49152 bytes
  Total number of registers available per block: 65536
  Warp size:                                     32
  Maximum number of threads per multiprocessor:  2048
  Maximum number of threads per block:           1024
  Max dimension size of a thread block (x,y,z): (1024, 1024, 64)
  Max dimension size of a grid size    (x,y,z): (2147483647, 65535, 65535)
  Maximum memory pitch:                          2147483647 bytes
  Texture alignment:                             512 bytes
  Concurrent copy and kernel execution:          Yes with 2 copy engine(s)
  Run time limit on kernels:                     Yes
  Integrated GPU sharing Host Memory:            No
  Support host page-locked memory mapping:       Yes
  Alignment requirement for Surfaces:            Yes
  Device has ECC support:                        Disabled
  Device supports Unified Addressing (UVA):      Yes
  Supports Cooperative Kernel Launch:            Yes
  Supports MultiDevice Co-op Kernel Launch:      Yes
  Device PCI Domain ID / Bus ID / location ID:   0 / 11 / 0
  Compute Mode:
     < Default (multiple host threads can use ::cudaSetDevice() with device simultaneously) >

deviceQuery, CUDA Driver = CUDART, CUDA Driver Version = 9.1, CUDA Runtime Version = 9.1, NumDevs = 1
Result = PASS

安装cuDNN

sudo dpkg -i libcudnn7_7.0.5.15-1+cuda9.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libcudnn7-dev_7.0.5.15-1+cuda9.1_amd64.deb
sudo dpkg -i libcudnn7-doc_7.0.5.15-1+cuda9.1_amd64.deb

验证cuDNN

cd /usr/src/cudnn_samples_v7/conv_sample
sudo make
./conv_sample

如果安装成功会打印如下信息

Testing single precision
Testing conv
^^^^ CUDA : elapsed = 4.81606e-05 sec,
Test PASSED
Testing half precision (math in single precision)
Testing conv
^^^^ CUDA : elapsed = 3.40939e-05 sec,
Test PASSED