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知识点：ansible命令执行常用Option
Ansible一般使用playbook来执行，ansible-playbook命令用于此种方式。如果不希望每次执行的时候都写一个playbook的yml文件，作为一个类似ssh延伸扩展功能的ansible还是能起到很多有用的作用的，本文将介绍一些平时用到较多的option。
Option说明
| option | 说明 |
|---|---|
| -v | 详细信息输出 |
| -i | 指定inventory的目录,缺省会使用/etc/ansible/hosts |
| -f | fork的进程个数,默认是5 |
| –private-key=xxx | 指定ssh连接用的文件 |
| -m | 指定module |
| –module-name 指定module名称 | |
| –module-path 指定module的path 默认是/usr/share/ansible | |
| -a | 指定module的参数 |
| -k | 提示输入password |
| -K | 提示输入sudo密码 与–sudo一起使用 |
| -T | 设定连接超时时长 |
| -B | 设定后台运行并设定超时时长 |
| -c | 设定连接类型 有ssh或者local等。 |
| -b | su的方式，可以指定用户 |
| -C | only for check |
-i使用实例
Inventory内容设定servers为2台机器列表[root@host31 ansible]# cat inventory[servers]host31host32不使用-i参数提示hosts list为空[root@host31 ansible]# ansible servers -m ping [WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available[root@host31 ansible]#指定-i之后能够正常动作[root@host31 ansible]# ansible servers -i inventory -m pinghost31 | SUCCESS => { "changed": false, "ping": "pong"}host32 | SUCCESS => { "changed": false, "ping": "pong"}[root@host31 ansible]#
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-k使用实例
[root@host31 ~]# ansible host31 -k -m command -a "echo hello"SSH password:虽然设定了ssh通路，加上-k之后依然需要输入密码host31 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>hello[root@host31 ~]#
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使用-k，实际是使用sshpass
[root@host31 ~]# ansible host31 -k -m command -a "echo hello" -vvvUsing /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config fileSSH password:<host31> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: None<host31> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -q -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r host31 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'( umask 77 && mkdir -p "` echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451 `" && echo ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451="` echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451 `" ) && sleep 0'"'"''<host31> PUT /tmp/tmp5kG8hJ TO /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451/command<host31> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 sftp -o BatchMode=no -b - -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r '[host31]'<host31> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: None<host31> SSH: EXEC sshpass -d12 ssh -C -q -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r -tt host31 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 /usr/bin/python /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451/command; rm -rf "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849015.27-12240784319451/" > /dev/null 2>&1 && sleep 0'"'"''host31 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>hello[root@host31 ~]#
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不使用-k则是直接使用ssh
[root@host31 ~]# ansible host31 -m command -a "echo hello" -vvvUsing /etc/ansible/ansible.cfg as config file<host31> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: None<host31> SSH: EXEC ssh -C -q -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o KbdInteractiveAuthentication=no -o PreferredAuthentications=gssapi-with-mic,gssapi-keyex,hostbased,publickey -o PasswordAuthentication=no -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r host31 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'( umask 77 && mkdir -p "` echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616 `" && echo ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616="` echo $HOME/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616 `" ) && sleep 0'"'"''<host31> PUT /tmp/tmpTvuyFh TO /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616/command<host31> SSH: EXEC sftp -b - -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o KbdInteractiveAuthentication=no -o PreferredAuthentications=gssapi-with-mic,gssapi-keyex,hostbased,publickey -o PasswordAuthentication=no -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r '[host31]'<host31> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: None<host31> SSH: EXEC ssh -C -q -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o KbdInteractiveAuthentication=no -o PreferredAuthentications=gssapi-with-mic,gssapi-keyex,hostbased,publickey -o PasswordAuthentication=no -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/root/.ansible/cp/ansible-ssh-%h-%p-%r -tt host31 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LC_MESSAGES=en_US.UTF-8 /usr/bin/python /root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616/command; rm -rf "/root/.ansible/tmp/ansible-tmp-1469849066.0-90742279645616/" > /dev/null 2>&1 && sleep 0'"'"''host31 | SUCCESS | rc=0 >>hello[root@host31 ~]#
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