一 安装djangorestframework
方式一：pip3 install djangorestframework
方式二：pycharm图形化界面安装
方式三：pycharm命令行下安装（装在当前工程所用的解释器下）
二 djangorestframework的APIView分析
导入APIView
from
as_view 方法
@classmethod
def as_view(cls, **initkwargs):
"""
Store the original class on the view function.
This allows us to discover information about the view when we do URL
reverse lookups. Used for breadcrumb generation.
"""
if isinstance(getattr(cls, 'queryset', None), models.query.QuerySet):
def force_evaluation():
raise RuntimeError(
'Do not evaluate the `.queryset` attribute directly, '
'as the result will be cached and reused between requests. '
'Use `.all()` or call `.get_queryset()` instead.'
)
cls.queryset._fetch_all = force_evaluation
view = super(APIView, cls).as_view(**initkwargs)
view.cls = cls
view.initkwargs = initkwargs
# Note: session based authentication is explicitly CSRF validated,
# all other authentication is CSRF exempt.
return csrf_exempt(view)
as_view方法通过继承父类as_view方法并且对csrf做了处理dis_patch方法
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
`.dispatch()` is pretty much the same as Django's regular dispatch,
but with extra hooks for startup, finalize, and exception handling.
"""
self.args = args
self.kwargs = kwargs
request = self.initialize_request(request, *args, **kwargs)
self.request = request
self.headers = self.default_response_headers # deprecate?
try:
self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs)
# Get the appropriate handler method
if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names:
handler = getattr(self, request.method.lower(),
self.http_method_not_allowed)
else:
handler = self.http_method_not_allowed
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
except Exception as exc:
response = self.handle_exception(exc)
self.response = self.finalize_response(request, response, *args, **kwargs)
return self.response
dispatch方法通过客户端的请求方法来分发到视图函数中cbv中的对应方法initialize_request方法
def initialize_request(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Returns the initial request object.
"""
parser_context = self.get_parser_context(request)
return Request(
request,
parsers=self.get_parsers(),
authenticators=self.get_authenticators(),
negotiator=self.get_content_negotiator(),
parser_context=parser_context
)
#将django中的request进行了封装，为其添加了解析器，认证，权限，频率等功能initial方法
def initial(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
"""
Runs anything that needs to occur prior to calling the method handler.
"""
self.format_kwarg = self.get_format_suffix(**kwargs)
# Perform content negotiation and store the accepted info on the request
neg = self.perform_content_negotiation(request)
request.accepted_renderer, request.accepted_media_type = neg
# Determine the API version, if versioning is in use.
version, scheme = self.determine_version(request, *args, **kwargs)
request.version, request.versioning_scheme = version, scheme
# Ensure that the incoming request is permitted
self.perform_authentication(request)
self.check_permissions(request)
self.check_throttles(request)
initial方法（内部调用认证，权限和频率）三 djangorestframework的Request对象简单介绍
__getattr__ 方法
通过点号拦截方法，当对象点属性时，找不到会触发
__setattr__方法
赋值拦截方法，当对象点属性赋值时，原本没有这个属性会触发
data 方法
不管请求方法是什么，request.data都会将前台的发送的数据转成字典