Hibernate - 与Spring整合实例

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/J080624/article/details/83340318

spring与hibernate的整合目的就是为了让 IOC 容器来管理 Hibernate 的核心接口SessionFactory以及让 Hibernate 使用上 Spring 的声明式事务来进行事务操作.

【1】Hibernate使用XML方式与Spring整合

即，Model上面不添加注解，使用*.hbm.xml方式与数据库进行关联。

① applicationContext.xml如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

	<context:component-scan base-package="com"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>	
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 SessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
		<!-- 如果不想使用额外的hibernate.cfg.xml，则需要进行如下设置 -->
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>
		<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/jane/ssh/entities/*.hbm.xml"></property>
	</bean>
	<!-- 这里配置与MyBatis整合Spring很类似 -->
	
	<!-- 配置 Spring 的声明式事务 -->
	<!-- 1. 配置 hibernate 的事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 2. 配置事务属性 -->
	 <!-- 配置哪些方法要加入事务控制 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 让所有的方法都加入事务管理，为了提高效率，可以把一些查询之类的方法设置为只读事务 -->
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <!-- 以下方法都是可能涉及写改的方法，就无法设置为只读 -->
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

	
	<!-- 3. 配置事务切入点, 再把事务属性和事务切入点关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.jane.ssh.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
	</aop:config>

  <!-- 开启HibernateTemplate，并且为其注入SessionFactory
    使用HibernateTemplate不太方便的就是要获取session得通过getSessionFactory()方法获取
    注意：这里之所以配置这个是因为Dao继承了HibernateDaoSupport
  -->
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

---

② hibernate.cfg.xml

由于数据源，*.hbm.xml都在applicationContext.xml中进行了配置，故而hibernate.cfg.xml极其简化：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
    	<!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->
    
    	<!-- 方言 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
    	
    	<!-- 是否显示及格式化 SQL -->
    	<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    
    	<!-- 生成数据表的策略 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    	
    	<!-- 启用二级缓存 -->
		<property name="cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>
    	
    	<!-- 配置使用的二级缓存的产品 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</property>
    	
    	<!-- 配置启用查询缓存 -->
    	<property name="cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
   
    </session-factory>
    

</hibernate-configuration>

---

【2】Hibernate注解版与Spring整合

即，Model上面添加注解，此时不再存在*.hbm.xml。

① applicationContext.xml如下所示：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">

	<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>

	<context:component-scan base-package="com"></context:component-scan>
	
	<!-- 配置 C3P0 数据源 -->
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>	
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置 SessionFactory -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>  
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  
            </props>  
        </property>
		<!-- 如果实体类使用了注解，通常会使用如下方式
		通过扫描包方式设置Spring取哪个包查找相应的实体类 -->
        <property name="packagesToScan">
            <value>com.jane.ssh.entities</value>
        </property>
        -->
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置 Spring 的声明式事务 -->
	<!-- 1. 配置 hibernate 的事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 2. 配置事务属性 -->
	 <!-- 配置哪些方法要加入事务控制 -->
    <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
        <tx:attributes>
            <!-- 让所有的方法都加入事务管理，为了提高效率，可以把一些查询之类的方法设置为只读事务 -->
            <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/>
            <!-- 以下方法都是可能涉及写改的方法，就无法设置为只读 -->
            <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
            <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/>
        </tx:attributes>
    </tx:advice>

	
	<!-- 3. 配置事务切入点, 再把事务属性和事务切入点关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.jane.ssh.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
	</aop:config>

  <!-- 开启HibernateTemplate，并且为其注入SessionFactory
    使用HibernateTemplate不太方便的就是要获取session得通过getSessionFactory()方法获取
    注意：这里之所以配置这个是因为Dao继承了HibernateDaoSupport
  -->
    <bean id="hibernateTemplate" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTemplate">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

---

② hibernate.cfg.xml

由于数据源，*.hbm.xml都在applicationContext.xml中进行了配置，故而hibernate.cfg.xml极其简化：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC

		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"

		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">

<hibernate-configuration>

    <session-factory>
    	<!-- 配置 hibernate 的基本属性 -->
    
    	<!-- 方言 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
    	
    	<!-- 是否显示及格式化 SQL -->
    	<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
    	<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
    
    	<!-- 生成数据表的策略 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
    	
    	<!-- 启用二级缓存 -->
		<property name="cache.use_second_level_cache">true</property>
    	
    	<!-- 配置使用的二级缓存的产品 -->
    	<property name="hibernate.cache.region.factory_class">org.hibernate.cache.ehcache.EhCacheRegionFactory</property>
    	
    	<!-- 配置启用查询缓存 -->
    	<property name="cache.use_query_cache">true</property>
   
    </session-factory>
    

</hibernate-configuration>

当然，通常情况下，会去掉hibernate.cfg.xml，而将Hibernate相关属性配置在sessionFactory中。

---

③ 常见的Hibernate注解示例如下：

package domain;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.annotations.Cache;
import org.hibernate.annotations.CacheConcurrencyStrategy;
import javax.persistence.*;
@Entity
@Table(name="article_inf")
@Cache(usage=CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class Article implements Serializable{
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 48L;
	@Id @Column(name="article_id")
	@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)
	private Integer id;
	
	@ManyToOne(targetEntity=Login.class)
	@JoinColumn(name="user_id",referencedColumnName="user_id",nullable=false)
	private Login login;
	
	@Column(name="boss_id")
	private Integer bossId;
	
	@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
	@Column(name="create_date")
	private Date createDate;
	
	@Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
	@Column(name="modify_date")
	private Date modifyDate;
	
	@Column(name="article_authority")
	private Integer authority;
	
	@Column(name="title")
	private String title;
	
	@Column
	private String writer;
	
	@ElementCollection(targetClass=String.class)
	@CollectionTable(name="art_content",joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="article_id",nullable=false))
	@Column(name="content",length=5000) @OrderColumn(name="No_")
	private List<String> contents=new LinkedList<>();
	
	@OneToMany(targetEntity=ArticlePictures.class,orphanRemoval=true,mappedBy="article",cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
	private List<ArticlePictures> pictures=new LinkedList<>();
	
	@OneToMany(targetEntity=ArticleComments.class,orphanRemoval=true,mappedBy="article",cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
	private List<ArticleComments> comments=new LinkedList<>();
	
	@OneToMany(targetEntity=ArticleVisitors.class,orphanRemoval=true,mappedBy="article",cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
	private List<ArticleVisitors> visitors=new LinkedList<>();
	
	@OneToMany(targetEntity=ArticleCharm.class,orphanRemoval=true,mappedBy="article",cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
	private List<ArticleCharm> charm=new LinkedList<>();
	
	//id
	public void setId(Integer id){
		this.id=id;
	}
	public Integer getId(){
		return id;
	}
	//login
	public void setLogin(Login login){
		this.login=login;
	}
	public Login getLogin(){
		return login;
	}
	//bossId
	public void setBossId(Integer bid){
		this.bossId=bid;
	}
	public Integer getBossId(){
		return bossId;
	}
	//createDate
	public void setCreateDate(Date date){
		this.createDate=date;
	}
	public Date getCreateDate(){
		return createDate;
	}
	//modifyDate
	public void setModifyDate(Date date){
		this.modifyDate=date;
	}
	public Date getModifyDate(){
		return modifyDate;
	}
	//authority
	public void setAuthority(Integer author){
		this.authority=author;
	}
	public Integer getAuthority(){
		return authority;
	}
	//title
	public void setTitle(String title){
		this.title=title;
	}
	public String getTitle(){
		return title;
	}
	//writer
	public void setWriter(String writer){
		this.writer=writer;
	}
	public String getWriter(){
		return writer;
	}
	//contents
	public void setContents(List<String> con){
		this.contents=con;
	}
	public List<String> getContents(){
		return contents;
	}
	//pictures
	public void setPictures(List<ArticlePictures> pic){
		this.pictures=pic;
	}
	public List<ArticlePictures> getPictures(){
		return pictures;
	}
	//comments
	public void setComments(List<ArticleComments> coms){
		this.comments=coms;
	}
	public List<ArticleComments> getComments(){
		return comments;
	}
	//visitors
	public void setVisitors(List<ArticleVisitors> visitors){
		this.visitors=visitors;
	}
	public List<ArticleVisitors> getVisitors(){
		return visitors;
	}
	//charm
	public void setCharm(List<ArticleCharm> charm){
		this.charm=charm;
	}
	public List<ArticleCharm> getCharm(){
		return charm;
	}
}

至于Hibernate注解有哪些，注解如何使用，请参考系列博文：Spring Data JPA那些事。毕竟，JPA的默认实现就是Hibernate。