【数据结构】栈和队列相关练习题:用栈实现队列(用c语言实现)

使用栈实现队列的下列操作:

  • push(x) -- 将一个元素放入队列的尾部。
  • pop() -- 从队列首部移除元素。
  • peek() -- 返回队列首部的元素。
  • empty() -- 返回队列是否为空。

示例:

MyQueue queue = new MyQueue();

queue.push(1);
queue.push(2);  
queue.peek();  // 返回 1
queue.pop();   // 返回 1
queue.empty(); // 返回 false

分析:这道题要用栈实现队列,一个栈是肯定不行的,因为栈是先进后出,而队列是先进先出,所以这里要想用栈实现队列,就要开辟两个不通过的栈,一个用来入数据,一个用来出数据,来回倒一圈就可以实现队列:

需要说明的是,因为目前还没有学习c++,所以写代码时就得先实现一下栈的接口,再进行后续操作。

具体实现代码如下:



typedef int STDataType;
typedef struct Stack
{
	STDataType* _a;
	int _top;//栈顶
	int _capacity;

}Stack;

void StackInit(Stack* ps, int n)
{
	assert(ps);
	ps->_a = (STDataType*)malloc(sizeof(STDataType)*n);
	ps->_top = 0;
	ps->_capacity = n;
}

void StackDestroy(Stack* ps)
{
	assert(ps);
  free(ps->_a);
  ps->_a=NULL;
  ps->_top = ps->_capacity=0;
}

void StackPush(Stack* ps, STDataType x)//在栈顶入数据
{
	assert(ps);
	if (ps->_top == ps->_capacity)//容量检测
	{
		ps->_a = (STDataType*)realloc(ps->_a, ps->_capacity * 2 * sizeof(STDataType));
		ps->_capacity *= 2;
	}
	ps->_a[ps->_top] = x;
	ps->_top++;

}

void StackPop(Stack* ps)//在栈顶出数据
{
	assert(ps);
	if (ps->_top > 0)
	{
		ps->_top--;
	}
}

STDataType StackTop(Stack* ps)//取出栈顶的数据
{
	assert(ps);
	return ps->_a[ps->_top - 1];
}

int StackSize(Stack* ps)//返回数据个数
{
	assert(ps);
	return ps->_top;//top其实就是链表中的size

}

int StackEmpty(Stack* ps)
{
	assert(ps);
	if (ps->_top == 0)
	{
		return 0;
	}
	else
	{
		return 1;
	}
	//return ps->_top == 0 ? 0 : 1;
}


typedef struct {
   
    Stack pushST;
    Stack popST;
} MyQueue;

/** Initialize your data structure here. */
MyQueue* myQueueCreate(int maxSize) {
    MyQueue* pqueue=(MyQueue*)malloc(sizeof(MyQueue));
    StackInit(&pqueue->pushST,maxSize);
    StackInit(&pqueue->popST,maxSize);
    return pqueue;
}

/** Push element x to the back of queue. */
void myQueuePush(MyQueue* obj, int x) {
    StackPush(&obj->pushST,x); 
}

/** Removes the element from in front of queue and returns that element. */
int myQueuePop(MyQueue* obj) {
    if(StackEmpty(&obj->popST)==0)
    {
       while(StackEmpty(&obj->pushST)!=0)
       {
        StackPush(&obj->popST,StackTop(&obj->pushST));
        StackPop(&obj->pushST);
       }
    }
    int front=StackTop(&obj->popST);
    StackPop(&obj->popST);
    return front;
}

/** Get the front element. */
int myQueuePeek(MyQueue* obj) {
if(StackEmpty(&obj->popST)==0)
{
    while(StackEmpty(&obj->pushST)!=0)
    {
        StackPush(&obj->popST,StackTop(&obj->pushST));
        StackPop(&obj->pushST);
    }   
}
    return StackTop(&obj->popST);
}

/** Returns whether the queue is empty. */
bool myQueueEmpty(MyQueue* obj) {
    if(StackEmpty(&obj->pushST)==0&&StackEmpty(&obj->popST)==0)
    {
        return true;
    }
    else
    {
        return false;
    }
}

void myQueueFree(MyQueue* obj) {
    StackDestroy(&obj->pushST);
    StackDestroy(&obj->popST);
    free(obj);
}

/**
 * Your MyQueue struct will be instantiated and called as such:
 * struct MyQueue* obj = myQueueCreate(maxSize);
 * myQueuePush(obj, x);
 * int param_2 = myQueuePop(obj);
 * int param_3 = myQueuePeek(obj);
 * bool param_4 = myQueueEmpty(obj);
 * myQueueFree(obj);
 */

oj链接:https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-queue-using-stacks/

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转载自blog.csdn.net/qq_42270373/article/details/83052335