网络爬虫-使用Scrapy爬取千库网素材

话说好久好久好久没写过scrapy的demo了，已经快忘得差不多了，今天一个小老弟让我帮他看看怎么大量快速爬取千库网的素材，我进网站看了看，一是没有什么反爬措施，二是没有封ip的限制，那这种情况，铁定用scrapy这个异步框架最舒服了，于是花了十几分钟看了看自己以前写的demo，哈哈，然后写了个现成的~

千库网这个其实呢很好写，因为它图片的地址是直接加载出来了的，并且没有防盗链之类的骚操作，直接就可以下载到本地，只是分类的时候麻烦一点，我想的是定义一个全局变量，从拼接Url的列表中分离出来，作为item的值，然后在pipelines里面重写ImagesPipeline的时候拿到这个分类名进行存储

整个逻辑就是这样的：
①从调度器拿到一个请求（该请求是通过拼接url字符串得到的）
②解析该请求的源码，拿到图片的src地址，并保存在item
③通过pipelines管道，将解析后的response存储在本地，即通过src的url下载图片到本地，并进行分类
④发现请求未完结，继续从第一步开始

spider.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import scrapy
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from ..items import PicItem

file_path = ''

class PictureSpider(CrawlSpider):
    name = 'picture'
    allowed_domains = ['https://588cu.com']

    def start_requests(self):
        base_url = 'http://588ku.com/sucai/0-default-0-0-{0}-0-{1}/'
        list1 = ["dongmanrenwu", "fengjingmanhua", "chuantongwenhua", "tiyuyundong", "huihuashufa",
                "beijingdiwen", "huabianhuawen", "biankuangxiangkuang", "ziranfengguang", "renwenjingguan",
                "jianzhuyuanlin", "yeshengdongwu", "jiaqinjiaxu", "yulei", "shenghuoyongpin", "canyinmeishi",
                "tiyuyongpin", "kexueyanjiu", "gongyeshengchan", "jiaotonggongju", "shangyechahua",
                "shangwuchangjing", "qita", "baozhuangsheji", "zhaotiesheji", "huacesheji"]

        for keyword in list1: # 拼接url
            global file_path
            file_path = keyword
            for page in range(1, 500):
                full_url = base_url.format(keyword, page)
                yield scrapy.Request(full_url, self.parse)

    def parse(self, response):
        pic_list = response.xpath('//*[@id="orgImgWrap"]/div')
        for i in pic_list:
            item = PicItem()
            item['src'] = i.xpath('div[1]/a/img/@data-original').extract_first() # 图片地址
            item['path'] = file_path # 图片分类
            yield item

pipelines.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html


import logging

import scrapy
from scrapy.exceptions import DropItem
from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
from scrapy.conf import settings

logger = logging.getLogger('SaveImagePipeline')


class SaveImagePipeline(ImagesPipeline):
    # 重构三个方法
    def get_media_requests(self, item, info):
        logging.debug('图片下载完成')
        yield scrapy.Request(url=item['src'], meta={'item':item})

    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
        if not results[0][0]:
            raise DropItem('下载失败')
        return item

    def file_path(self, request, response=None, info=None):
        item = request.meta['item']
        # 拆分文件名
        file_name = request.url.split('/')[7].split('!')[0]
        final_path = u'{0}/{1}'.format(item['path'], file_name)
        return final_path

settings.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for pic project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'pic'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['pic.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'pic.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/68.0.3423.2 Safari/537.36'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'pic.middlewares.PicSpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'pic.middlewares.PicDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html

IMAGES_STORE = './resources/'

ITEM_PIPELINES = {
   'pic.pipelines.SaveImagePipeline': 300,
}

LOG_LEVEL = 'DEBUG'

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'

效果图如下:
在这里插入图片描述

在这里插入图片描述

大功告成~！需要源码的话可以去我的GitHub获取(不定期更新各种小爬虫)→→→传送门

网络爬虫-使用Scrapy爬取千库网素材

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