IDEA利用maven构建spring mvc项目

一、打开IDEA新建项目

笔者环境说明（默认已经准备好以下环境）：
Java环境：JDK1.8.0
服务器：tomcat9(https://www.jianshu.com/p/95611d86882c)
IDE：IntelliJ IDEA（Ultimate）旗舰版
maven：maven 3.5.0
操作系统：macOS

二、选择maven项目，勾选webapp骨架

三、设置项目坐标

三、设置项目名称为springmvc

四、maven自动构建webapp骨架

五、pom.xml配置

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.hsiung</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>springmvc Maven Webapp</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
    <properties>
        <!--属性配置spring版本-->
        <spring.version>4.3.13.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring mvc简单工程依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--junit单元测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>springmvc</finalName>
    </build>
</project>

六、web.xml配置

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
                      http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
         version="3.0">
    <display-name>springmvc</display-name>

    <!--spring mvc拦截器配置-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--spring mvc配置文件-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <!--需在Resources目录下，新建springmvc.xml配置文件-->
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--标记容器启动时自动加载并初始化disaptcherServlet-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!--编码过滤器-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

七、补充项目结构

7.HelloController编码

@Controller//spring mvc控制层注解
@RequestMapping("/test")//地址映射注解，url形如：.../test
public class HelloController {
    @RequestMapping("/hello")//地址映射注解，url形如：.../test/hello
    //此注解用于直接返回注解表示该方法的返回的结果直接写入 HTTP 响应正文（ResponseBody）中，不走视图解析器
    @ResponseBody
    public String sayHello() {
        return "Hello,spring mvc!";
    }
}

八、springmvc.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--配置包扫描器-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.hsiung.controller"/>

    <!--配置注解驱动-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>
</beans>