在ASP.NET Core的startup类中如何使用MemoryCache

问:

下面的代码，在ASP.NET Core的startup类中创建了一个MemoryCache并且存储了三个键值“entryA”，“entryB”，“entryC”，之后想在Controller中再把这三个键值从缓存中取出来，但是发现Controller中的构造函数依赖注入的IMemoryCache并不是startup类中的MemoryCache，因为Controller中的IMemoryCache没有任何键值对：

How do I access the MemoryCache instance in Startup that will be used by the rest of my web app? This is how I'm currently trying it:

public class Startup
{
    public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        //Startup stuff
    }

    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        //configure other services

        services.AddMemoryCache();

        var cache = new MemoryCache(new MemoryCacheOptions());
        var entryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions().SetPriority(CacheItemPriority.NeverRemove);

        //Some examples of me putting data in the cache
        cache.Set("entryA", "data1", entryOptions);
        cache.Set("entryB", data2, entryOptions);
        cache.Set("entryC", data3.Keys.ToList(), entryOptions);
    }

    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
    {
        //pipeline configuration
    }
}

And the Controller where I use the MemoryCache

public class ExampleController : Controller
{   
    private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;

    public ExampleController(IMemoryCache cache)
    {
        _cache = cache;
    }

    [HttpGet]
    public IActionResult Index()
    {
        //At this point, I have a different MemoryCache instance.
        ViewData["CachedData"] = _cache.Get("entryA");//这里"entryA"从IMemoryCache中找不到，为null

        return View();
    }
}

答：

When you added the statement

services.AddMemoryCache();

you were in effect saying that you wanted a memory cache singleton that would get resolved wherever you injected IMemoryCache as you did in your controller. So instead of creating a new memory cache, you need to add values to the singleton object that was created. You can do this by changing your Configure method to something like:

public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, 
        IHostingEnvironment env, 
        ILoggerFactory loggerFactory,
        IMemoryCache cache )
{
    var entryOptions = new MemoryCacheEntryOptions().SetPriority(CacheItemPriority.NeverRemove);

    //Some examples of me putting data in the cache
    cache.Set("entryA", "data1", entryOptions);
    cache.Set("entryB", data2, entryOptions);
    cache.Set("entryC", data3.Keys.ToList(), entryOptions);
    //pipeline configuration
}

Use Configure method, not ConfigureServices。

意思就是说在ASP.NET Core的startup类中Configure方法是在ConfigureServices方法之后执行的，而如果在ConfigureServices方法中调用了services.AddMemoryCache()来启用MemoryCache的依赖注入，那么就可以在Configure方法的参数中使用IMemoryCache了，ASP.NET Core会自动注入Configure方法的IMemoryCache参数。并且在后续的Controller中注入的也是同一个IMemoryCache参数的实例。

原文链接

Use Configure method, not ConfigureServices

在ASP.NET Core的startup类中如何使用MemoryCache

猜你喜欢