Ubuntu 16.04 换源

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  使用 ubuntu 原始的源有时速度会很慢，有时在某些公司中电脑只能够连接内网，因此要换成公司自己的源，在这里简单记录下换源的步骤。

1. 备份原来的源文件

  在终端中首先输入

cd /etc/apt/

进入源文件所在的路径，之后在终端中输入命令

sudo cp sources.list sources.list.bak

将sources.list备份到sources.list.bak，这时便完成了源文件的备份工作。

2. 替换源

  在终端中输入

sudo gedit sources.list

可以看到sources.list，之后通过全选 –> 复制 –> 粘贴替换为下面的源文件，然后保存退出。

  清华源[1]

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

  阿里源

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

3. 更新源和软件

  在终端中输入

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

4. 可能出现报错

  当我们使用

sudo apt-get build-dep 【软件安装包】

的时候可能会出现如下的错误

E: You must put some 'source' URIs in your sources.list

  这里我们的解决方法主要参照 树森_C的方法，具体解决方法如下

  在搜索中找到 ‘Software & Updates’, 然后在 “Ubuntu Software” 菜单中将 “Source code”框勾选上。如下图位置：

其中 “Download from” 一项选择刚刚所换的源，点击close 之后会出现询问是否reload的窗口，再点击reload 即可。

参考文献

[1] Ubuntu 清华源：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/ubuntu/
[2] 树森_C 的CSDN博客 linux(Ubuntu)中出现Error :: You must put some ‘source’ URIs in your sources.list