建立表
CREATE TABLE Customers
(ID CHAR(9) PRIMARY KEY,
FIRST_NAME CHAR(15),
MI CHAR(1),
LAST_NAME CHAR(15),
STREET CHAR(20),
CITY CHAR(15),
ST CHAR(2),
ZIP CHAR(5)
);
insert into Customers values('100','Michael','A','Corleone','123 Pine','New York','NY','10006');
insert into Customers values('101','Fredo','V','Corleone','19 Main','New York','NY','10007');
insert into Customers values('103','Francis','X','Corleone','17 Main','New York','NY','10005');
insert into Customers values('106','Kay','K','Adams','109 Maple','Newark','NJ','12345');
insert into Customers values('107','Francis','F','Coppola','123 Sunset','Hollywood','CA','23456');
insert into Customers values('108','Mariol','S','Puzo','124 Vine','Hollywood','CA','23456');
CREATE TABLE Inventory
(Item_Number CHAR(9) PRIMARY KEY,
Name CHAR(20) UNIQUE,
Description CHAR(10),
Qty SMALLINT,
Cost FLOAT
);
insert into Inventory values('1001','Corn Flakes','Cereal',178,1.95);
insert into Inventory values('1002','Rice Krispies','Cereal',97,1.87);
insert into Inventory values('1003','Shredded Wheat','Cereal',103,2.05);
insert into Inventory values('1004','Oatmeal','Cereal',15,0.98);
insert into Inventory values('1005','Chocolate Chip','Cookies',217,1.26);
insert into Inventory values('1006','Fig Bar','Cookies',162,1.57);
insert into Inventory values('1007','Sugar Cookies','Cookies',276,1.03);
insert into Inventory values('1008','Cola','Soda',144,0.61);
insert into Inventory values('1009','Lemon','Soda',96,0.57);
insert into Inventory values('1010','Orange','Soda',84,0.71);
CREATE TABLE Ordered_Item
(ID CHAR(9) PRIMARY KEY,
Order_Number CHAR(2),
Item_Number CHAR(9) ,
Qty SMALLINT,
);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5000','2','1001',2);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5001','2','1004',1);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5002','2','1005',4);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5003','2','1010',6);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5004','3','1006',4);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5005','3','1009',2);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5006','4','1002',5);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5007','4','1003',2);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5008','5','1006',3);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5009','5','1007',1);
insert into Ordered_Item values('5010','5','1008',2);
CREATE TABLE Orders
(Order_Number CHAR(1) PRIMARY KEY,
Customer_ID CHAR(3),
Order_Date CHAR(10) ,
Ship_Date CHAR(10)
);
insert into Orders values('2','101','12/8/01','12/10/01');
insert into Orders values('3','103','12/9/01','12/11/01');
insert into Orders values('4','104','12/9/01','12/11/01');
insert into Orders values('5','120','12/12/01','12/14/01');
insert into Orders values('6','106','12/10/01','12/12/01');
insert into Orders values('7','121','12/14/01','12/16/01');Customer表
Inventory表
Ordered_Item表
Orders表
更改表
将FAX号这一列添加到Customers表中
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMERS ADD FAX VARCHAR(20)
改变列宽 将FAX列的大小改成30
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMERS ALTER COLUMN FAX VARCHAR(30)完全取消FAX列 FAX列消失
ALTER TABLE CUSTOMERS DROP COLUMN FAX
取消表 CUSTOMERS表会被删除
DROP TABLE CUSTOMERS创建，更改和取消视图
创建一个视图
CREATE VIEW VIEWCORLEONES AS
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone'
对 VIEWCORLEONES 视图做查询
SELECT *
FROM VIEWCORLEONES
WHERE MI='A'
转换视图
更改之前建立好的视图
ALTER VIEW ViewCorleones AS
SELECT FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone'
更新视图
UPDATE VIEWCORLEONES
SET STREET='19 Main'
WHERE FIRST_NAME='vito'INSERT语句
INSERT INTO Customers
(ID,FIRST_NAME,MI,LAST_NAME,STREET,CITY,ST,ZIP) VALUES
('123','Brant','G','Kobe','131 Maple','Los Angeles','LA','12345');
使用INSERT...SELECT
INSERT INTO Names
SELECT FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME
FROM Customers
在INSERT...SELECT中使用WHERE子句
INSERT INTO Names
SELECT FIRST_NAME,LAST_NAME
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone'
UPDATE语句
UPDATE Customers
SET STREET='55 Broadway',ZIP='10006'
WHERE FIRST_NAME='Michael' and LAST_NAME='Corleone'
UPDATE中使用经过计算的值
UPDATE Inventory
SET Qty=Qty+24
WHERE Name='Corn Flakes'
使用触发器验证UPDATE更有效
创建一个触发器，功能是 自动备份或取消视图将账户表中的某项成本增加15%的操作
CREATE TRIGGER FifteenPctRule ON inventory FOR INSERT,UPDATE AS
DECLARE @NewCost money
DECLARE @OldCOst money
SELECT @NewCost =Cost FROM inserted
SELECT @OldCOst= Cost FROM deleted
IF @NewCost>(@OldCOst*3.15)
ROLLBACK TRANSACTION;使用LIKE和NOT LIKE运算符
在Customer表中查找姓氏以“C”开头的全部记录
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME LIKE 'C%'
查找姓氏第二个字母为“O”的全部记录
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME LIKE '_o%'
在Customer表中查找姓氏不以“C”开头的全部记录
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME NOT LIKE 'C%'
使用连接符
使用连接运算符（+或||）将一个字符串连接在另一个字符串后。
将名字连接在姓氏之后，之前用都好进行分离
SELECT Last_Name+','+First_Name
AS Name
FROM Customers
逻辑运算符
AND运算符
在Customer表中查找居住在New York,姓氏为Corleone的所有记录
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone' and CITY='New York'
OR运算符
在Customer表中查找居住在New York或New Jersey的所有记录
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE ST='NJ'OR CITY='New York'
NOT运算符
在Customer表中查找不居住在New York或New Jersey 姓氏为Corleone 的所有顾客
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE Last_Name='Corleone' and NOT(ST='NJ'OR CITY='New York')
算数运算符
查找库存中低于Qty低于24的产品
SELECT *
FROM Inventory
WHERE Qty<24
如果在成本上增加60%计算售价，列出售价低于100.00的项
SELECT Name,Description,Cost,Cost*1.6 AS Retail
FROM Inventory
WHERE Cost*1.6<100
IN运算符
找到New York State或New Jersey的联系人
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE ST IN('NY','NJ')
使用Item_Number从Inventory表中选择产品
SELECT *
FROM Inventory
WHERE Item_Number IN(1001,1003,1004)
BETWEEN运算符
查询价格在1.9~3之前的项
SELECT *
FROM Inventory
WHERE Cost BETWEEN 1.9 AND 3
TOP运算符
TOP运算符指定只输出查询结果集中的前n行，或者前n%行。使用PERCENT时，n必须是0~100之间的整数
SELECT TOP 25 PERCENT *
FROM Inventory
对查询结果排序
SELECT First_Name,Last_Name,City,ST
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone'
ORDER BY FIRST_NAME
将所有的Corleones按名字得升序进行排列
SELECT *
FROM Customers
WHERE LAST_NAME='Corleone'
ORDER BY FIRST_NAME DESC
Last_Name按升序排列，然后First_Name按降序排列
SELECT FIRST_NAME,MI,LAST_NAME,STREET,CITY,ST,ZIP
FROM Customers
ORDER BY LAST_NAME, FIRST_NAME DESC