ucb秋季入门课程设计题目，偶然机会能够做完了非常简单的第一个项目。
收获还是很多的。
URL:https://cs61a.org/proj/hog/
做了这个小项目后，熟悉了python的一些语法
摇色子加上一点规则。
对于高阶函数部分的理解更加深刻了。
对于高阶函数来说，他的调用过程大致如上图所示，对于上面所写的函数，功能
以示例为例子：
第一次调用：是将函数f和函数g传入然后返回了一个能够对参数score1,score2进行迭代的函数
第二次调用（在第一次返回的基础上）:返回一个函数 函数参数列表f g 为空
代码
"""CS 61A Presents The Game of Hog."""
from dice import six_sided, four_sided, make_test_dice
from ucb import main, trace, interact
GOAL_SCORE = 100 # The goal of Hog is to score 100 points.
######################
# Phase 1: Simulator #
######################
def roll_dice(num_rolls, dice=six_sided):
"""Simulate rolling the DICE exactly NUM_ROLLS > 0 times. Return the sum of
the outcomes unless any of the outcomes is 1. In that case, return 1.
num_rolls: The number of dice rolls that will be made.
dice: A function that simulates a single dice roll outcome.
"""
# These assert statements ensure that num_rolls is a positive integer.
assert type(num_rolls) == int, 'num_rolls must be an integer.'
assert num_rolls > 0, 'Must roll at least once.'
# BEGIN PROBLEM 1
sum = 0
tag=0
while num_rolls:
current_num=dice()
if current_num ==1:
tag=True
sum+=current_num
num_rolls-=1
if tag is True:
return 1
else:
return sum
# END PROBLEM 1
def free_bacon(score):
"""Return the points scored from rolling 0 dice (Free Bacon).
score: The opponent's current score.
"""
assert score < 100, 'The game should be over.'
# BEGIN PROBLEM 2
#Free Bacon.
# A player who chooses to roll zero dice scores 2 * tens - ones
# or 1 whichever is higher;
# where tens, ones are the digits of the opponent's score
#给定对手分数来计算分数
#规则大体意思 选择丢0色子 则根据对手分数的两位数进行计算
#2*十位-个位和1中更大者会当前加分
tens,ones=score//10,score%10
current_num=2*tens-ones
if current_num>1:
return current_num
else:
return 1
# END PROBLEM 2
def take_turn(num_rolls, opponent_score, dice=six_sided):
"""Simulate a turn rolling NUM_ROLLS dice, which may be 0 (Free Bacon).
Return the points scored for the turn by the current player.
num_rolls: The number of dice rolls that will be made.
opponent_score: The total score of the opponent.
dice: A function that simulates a single dice roll outcome.
"""
# Leave these assert statements here; they help check for errors.
assert type(num_rolls) == int, 'num_rolls must be an integer.'
assert num_rolls >= 0, 'Cannot roll a negative number of dice in take_turn.'
assert num_rolls <= 10, 'Cannot roll more than 10 dice.'
assert opponent_score < 100, 'The game should be over.'
# BEGIN PROBLEM 3
#很好理解就是简单调用前面两个函数
if num_rolls ==0:
score=free_bacon(opponent_score)
else:
score=roll_dice(num_rolls,dice)
return score
# END PROBLEM 3
def is_swap(player_score, opponent_score):
"""
Return whether the current player's score has the same absolute
difference between its last two digits as the opponent's score.
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 4
#swine swap规则
my_tens,my_ones=player_score//10%10,player_score%10
oppo_tens,oppo_ones=opponent_score//10%10,opponent_score%10
my_Swine=abs(my_tens-my_ones)
oppo_Swine=abs(oppo_tens-oppo_ones)
if(my_Swine==oppo_Swine):
return True
else:
return False
# END PROBLEM 4
def other(player):
"""Return the other player, for a player PLAYER numbered 0 or 1.
>>> other(0)
1
>>> other(1)
0
"""
return 1 - player
def silence(score0, score1):
"""Announce nothing (see Phase 2)."""
return silence
def play(strategy0, strategy1, score0=0, score1=0, dice=six_sided,
goal=GOAL_SCORE, say=silence):
"""Simulate a game and return the final scores of both players, with Player
0's score first, and Player 1's score second.
A strategy is a function that takes two total scores as arguments (the
current player's score, and the opponent's score), and returns a number of
dice that the current player will roll this turn.
strategy0: The strategy function for Player 0, who plays first.
strategy1: The strategy function for Player 1, who plays second.
score0: Starting score for Player 0
score1: Starting score for Player 1
dice: A function of zero arguments that simulates a dice roll.
goal: The game ends and someone wins when this score is reached.
say: The commentary function to call at the end of the first turn.
"""
player = 0 # Which player is about to take a turn, 0 (first) or 1 (second)
# BEGIN PROBLEM 5
#模拟游戏的函数 当前玩家使用对应的策略进行游戏
#策略后面会实现 策略需要本人分数和对手分数作为参数
#返回的是要摇滚色子的次数 本函数要调用之前写的所有函数
#一直进行直到退出
while True:
if player ==0:
num_rolls=strategy0(score0,score1)
score0+=take_turn(num_rolls,score1,dice)
if is_swap(score0,score1):
score0,score1=score1,score0
if score0 >= goal or score1>=goal:
break
player=other(player)
else:
num_rolls=strategy1(score1,score0)
score1+=take_turn(num_rolls,score0,dice)
if is_swap(score0,score1):
score0,score1=score1,score0
if score0 >= goal or score1>=goal:
break
player=other(player)
# END PROBLEM 5
# (note that the indentation for the problem 6 prompt (***YOUR CODE HERE***) might be misleading)
# BEGIN PROBLEM 6
say=say(score0,score1)
say=say(score0,score1)
# END PROBLEM 6
return score0, score1
#######################
# Phase 2: Commentary #
#######################
def say_scores(score0, score1):
"""A commentary function that announces the score for each player."""
print("Player 0 now has", score0, "and Player 1 now has", score1)
return say_scores
def announce_lead_changes(previous_leader=None):
"""Return a commentary function that announces lead changes.
>>> f0 = announce_lead_changes()
>>> f1 = f0(5, 0)
Player 0 takes the lead by 5
>>> f2 = f1(5, 12)
Player 1 takes the lead by 7
>>> f3 = f2(8, 12)
>>> f4 = f3(8, 13)
>>> f5 = f4(15, 13)
Player 0 takes the lead by 2
"""
def say(score0, score1):
if score0 > score1:
leader = 0
elif score1 > score0:
leader = 1
else:
leader = None
if leader != None and leader != previous_leader:
print('Player', leader, 'takes the lead by', abs(score0 - score1))
return announce_lead_changes(leader)
return say
def both(f, g):
"""Return a commentary function that says what f says, then what g says.
>>> h0 = both(say_scores, announce_lead_changes())
>>> h1 = h0(10, 0)
Player 0 now has 10 and Player 1 now has 0
Player 0 takes the lead by 10
>>> h2 = h1(10, 6)
Player 0 now has 10 and Player 1 now has 6
>>> h3 = h2(6, 17) # Player 0 gets 7 points, then Swine Swap applies
Player 0 now has 6 and Player 1 now has 17
Player 1 takes the lead by 11
"""
def say(score0, score1):
return both(f(score0, score1), g(score0, score1))
return say
def announce_highest(who, previous_high=0, previous_score=0):
"""Return a commentary function that announces when WHO's score
increases by more than ever before in the game.
>>> f0 = announce_highest(1) # Only announce Player 1 score gains
>>> f1 = f0(12, 0)
>>> f2 = f1(12, 11)
11 point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player 1
>>> f3 = f2(20, 11)
>>> f4 = f3(13, 20) # Player 1 gets 2 points, then Swine Swap applies
>>> f5 = f4(20, 35) # Player 0 gets 22 points, then Swine Swap applies
15 point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player 1
>>> f6 = f5(20, 47) # Player 1 gets 12 points; not enough for a new high
>>> f7 = f6(21, 47)
>>> f8 = f7(21, 77)
30 point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player 1
>>> f9 = f8(77, 22) # Swap!
>>> f10 = f9(33, 77) # Swap!
55 point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player 1
"""
assert who == 0 or who == 1, 'The who argument should indicate a player.'
# BEGIN PROBLEM 7
def commentary(score0,score1,previous_high=previous_high,previous_score=previous_score):
if who ==0:
if score0-previous_score>previous_high:
print("{0} point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player {1}".format(score0-previous_score,who))
previous_high=score0-previous_score
return announce_highest(who,previous_high=previous_high,previous_score=score0)
elif who ==1:
if score1-previous_score>previous_high:
print("{0} point(s)! That's the biggest gain yet for Player {1}".format(score1-previous_score,who))
previous_high=score1-previous_score
return announce_highest(who,previous_high=previous_high,previous_score=score1)
return commentary
# END PROBLEM 7
#######################
# Phase 3: Strategies #
#######################
def always_roll(n):
"""Return a strategy that always rolls N dice.
A strategy is a function that takes two total scores as arguments (the
current player's score, and the opponent's score), and returns a number of
dice that the current player will roll this turn.
>>> strategy = always_roll(5)
>>> strategy(0, 0)
5
>>> strategy(99, 99)
5
"""
def strategy(score, opponent_score):
return n
return strategy
def make_averaged(fn, num_samples=1000):
"""Return a function that returns the average value of FN when called.
To implement this function, you will have to use *args syntax, a new Python
feature introduced in this project. See the project description.
>>> dice = make_test_dice(4, 2, 5, 1)
>>> averaged_dice = make_averaged(dice, 1000)
>>> averaged_dice()
3.0
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 8
def make_averaged_return(*args):
s=0
for i in range(num_samples):
s+=fn(*args)
result=s/num_samples
return result
return make_averaged_return
# END PROBLEM 8
def max_scoring_num_rolls(dice=six_sided, num_samples=1000):
"""Return the number of dice (1 to 10) that gives the highest average turn
score by calling roll_dice with the provided DICE over NUM_SAMPLES times.
Assume that the dice always return positive outcomes.
>>> dice = make_test_dice(1, 6)
>>> max_scoring_num_rolls(dice)
1
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 9
maxroll = 0
max_numofdice = 0
numofdice = 10
while numofdice >0:
current_roll = make_averaged(roll_dice, num_samples)(numofdice, dice)
if current_roll > maxroll:
maxroll = current_roll
max_numofdice = numofdice
numofdice -= 1
return max_numofdice
# END PROBLEM 9
def winner(strategy0, strategy1):
"""Return 0 if strategy0 wins against strategy1, and 1 otherwise."""
score0, score1 = play(strategy0, strategy1)
if score0 > score1:
return 0
else:
return 1
def average_win_rate(strategy, baseline=always_roll(4)):
"""Return the average win rate of STRATEGY against BASELINE. Averages the
winrate when starting the game as player 0 and as player 1.
"""
win_rate_as_player_0 = 1 - make_averaged(winner)(strategy, baseline)
win_rate_as_player_1 = make_averaged(winner)(baseline, strategy)
return (win_rate_as_player_0 + win_rate_as_player_1) / 2
def run_experiments():
"""Run a series of strategy experiments and report results."""
if False: # Change to False when done finding max_scoring_num_rolls
six_sided_max = max_scoring_num_rolls(six_sided)
print('Max scoring num rolls for six-sided dice:', six_sided_max)
if False: # Change to True to test always_roll(8)
print('always_roll(8) win rate:', average_win_rate(always_roll(8)))
if False: # Change to True to test bacon_strategy
print('bacon_strategy win rate:', average_win_rate(bacon_strategy))
if False: # Change to True to test swap_strategy
print('swap_strategy win rate:', average_win_rate(swap_strategy))
if True: # Change to True to test final_strategy
print('final_strategy win rate:', average_win_rate(final_strategy))
"*** You may add additional experiments as you wish ***"
def bacon_strategy(score, opponent_score, margin=8, num_rolls=4):
"""This strategy rolls 0 dice if that gives at least MARGIN points, and
rolls NUM_ROLLS otherwise.
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 10
bacon_points = abs(2*(opponent_score //10 %10) - (opponent_score % 10))
if bacon_points >= margin:
return 0
else:
return num_rolls
# END PROBLEM 10
def swap_strategy(score, opponent_score, margin=8, num_rolls=4):
"""This strategy rolls 0 dice when it triggers a beneficial swap. It also
rolls 0 dice if it gives at least MARGIN points and does not trigger a
non-beneficial swap. Otherwise, it rolls NUM_ROLLS.
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 11
bacon_points = abs(2*(opponent_score//10%10)-opponent_score%10)
temp_score=bacon_points+score
if (abs(temp_score//10%10-temp_score%10)==abs(opponent_score//10%10-opponent_score%10)) and (opponent_score>temp_score):
return 0
elif bacon_points>=margin :
if not (abs(temp_score//10%10-temp_score%10)==abs(opponent_score//10%10-opponent_score%10) and (temp_score>opponent_score)):
return 0
else:
return num_rolls
else:
return num_rolls
# END PROBLEM 11
def final_strategy(score, opponent_score):
"""Write a brief description of your final strategy.
*** YOUR DESCRIPTION HERE ***
"""
# BEGIN PROBLEM 12
return 4 # Replace this statement
# END PROBLEM 12
##########################
# Command Line Interface #
##########################
# NOTE: Functions in this section do not need to be changed. They use features
# of Python not yet covered in the course.
@main
def run(*args):
"""Read in the command-line argument and calls corresponding functions.
This function uses Python syntax/techniques not yet covered in this course.
"""
import argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Play Hog")
parser.add_argument('--run_experiments', '-r', action='store_true',
help='Runs strategy experiments')
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.run_experiments:
run_experiments()