第四章 7 xml模块详解

xml模块详解

xml 格式就是通过<>来声明的


<?xml version="1.0"?>

<data>

    <country name="Liechtenstein">

        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>

        <year>2008</year>

        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>

        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Singapore">

        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>

    </country>

    <country name="Panama">

        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>

        <year>2011</year>

        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>

        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>

        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>

    </country>

</data>

xml协议在各个语言里的都是支持的，在python中可以用以下模块操作xml


import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET



tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")

root = tree.getroot()

print(root.tag)



#遍历xml文档

for child in root:

    print(child.tag, child.attrib)

    for i in child:

        print(i.tag,i.text)



#只遍历year 节点

for node in root.iter('year'):

    print(node.tag,node.text)

修改和删除xml文档内容


import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET



tree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")

root = tree.getroot()



#修改

for node in root.iter('year'):

    new_year = int(node.text) + 1

    node.text = str(new_year)

    node.set("updated","yes")



tree.write("xmltest.xml")





#删除node

for country in root.findall('country'):

   rank = int(country.find('rank').text)

   if rank > 50:

     root.remove(country)



tree.write('output.xml')

自动创建xml文档


import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET





new_xml = ET.Element("namelist")

name = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"yes"})

age = ET.SubElement(name,"age",attrib={"checked":"no"})

sex = ET.SubElement(name,"sex")

sex.text = '33'

name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml,"name",attrib={"enrolled":"no"})

age = ET.SubElement(name2,"age")

age.text = '19'



et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象

et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8",xml_declaration=True)



ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式

第四章 7 xml模块详解

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