大型网站分布式架构（二）—— Linux下Tomcat的安装和项目部署

版权声明：本文为博主原创文章，未经博主允许不得转载。 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_37490221/article/details/81917172

获取安装包

[root@centos6-1 ~]# cd /export/servers/
[root@centos6-1 servers]# wget https://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-8/v8.0.53/bin/apache-tomcat-8.0.53.tar.gz

解压安装包

[root@centos6-1 servers]# tar -zvxf apache-tomcat-8.0.53.tar.gz

启动Tomcat

前提配置好Java环境

[root@centos6-1 servers]# cd apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/
[root@centos6-1 bin]# ./startup.sh
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /export/servers/jdk1.8.0_65/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.

查看Tomcat进程

[root@centos6-1 bin]# jps
88057 Jps
88012 Bootstrap
[root@centos6-1 bin]# ps -ef|grep java
root      88012      1  2 08:23 pts/0    00:00:04 /export/servers/jdk1.8.0_65/jre/bin/java -Djava.util.logging.config.file=/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/conf/logging.properties -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048 -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources -Dignore.endorsed.dirs= -classpath /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/tomcat-juli.jar -Dcatalina.base=/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53 -Dcatalina.home=/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53 -Djava.io.tmpdir=/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/temp org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap start
root      88074  87966  0 08:26 pts/0    00:00:00 grep java
[root@centos6-1 bin]# 

浏览器访问Tomcat

• 192.168.214.150为博主虚拟机ip
• 8080为Tomcat默认端口，可配置
• 访问的是Tomcat内置的ROOT项目
  

可以看到tomcat正常运行

部署项目到Tomcat

使用SpringBoot构建的appdemo项目部署，构建过程详见：大型网站分布式架构（一）—— SpringBoot构建项目

1.修改pom文件

• 改为war包
• tomcat依赖
• 注销热部署依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.zaomianbao</groupId>
    <artifactId>appdemo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <!--<packaging>jar</packaging>-->

    <name>appdemo</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.0.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!--<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>


</project>

2.打包项目

窗口右侧点击”Maven Projects”–>点击appdemo下lifecycle下的package即可

显示BUILD SUCCESS代表打包成功，打包成功后会在项目target目录下生成一个项目war包：appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war

3.将war包部署到Tomcat

首先关闭Tomcat

[root@centos6-1 ~]# cd /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/
[root@centos6-1 bin]# jps
88113 Jps
88012 Bootstrap
[root@centos6-1 bin]# ./shutdown.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /export/servers/jdk1.8.0_65/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
[root@centos6-1 bin]# jps
88150 Jps
[root@centos6-1 bin]# 

将项目war包上传至Tomcat的webapp目录下

[root@centos6-1 ~]# cd /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/webapps/
[root@centos6-1 webapps]# rz
rz waiting to receive.
Starting zmodem transfer.  Press Ctrl+C to cancel.
Transferring appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war...
  100%   17269 KB    17269 KB/sec    00:00:01       0 Errors  

[root@centos6-1 webapps]# ll
total 17292
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 17684349 Aug 22  2018 appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 examples
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 host-manager
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 manager
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 ROOT
[root@centos6-1 webapps]# 

这里使用的是lrzsz工具上传，详见：三种方式实现Linux的文件上传下载

启动Tomcat

[root@centos6-1 webapps]# cd /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/
[root@centos6-1 bin]# ./startup.sh 
Using CATALINA_BASE:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_HOME:   /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/temp
Using JRE_HOME:        /export/servers/jdk1.8.0_65/jre
Using CLASSPATH:       /export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/bootstrap.jar:/export/servers/apache-tomcat-8.0.53/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
Tomcat started.
[root@centos6-1 bin]# cd ..
[root@centos6-1 apache-tomcat-8.0.53]# cd webapps/
[root@centos6-1 webapps]# ll
total 17296
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:57 appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
-rw-r--r--.  1 root root 17684349 Aug 22  2018 appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.war
drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  6 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 examples
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 host-manager
drwxr-xr-x.  5 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 manager
drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root     4096 Aug 20 08:19 ROOT
[root@centos6-1 webapps]# 

访问appdemo

• appdemo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT为appdemo的项目名，可以修改

---

至此，Tomcat作为Web服务器，appdemo为我们的web项目，一个单机版的web服务已经能够提供给用户访问，那么一个这样的Tomcat服务器能够承担多大的用户并发访问呢？下一篇将介绍一款web服务的压力测试软件，通过测试得到单机版Tomcat的访问极限。