莫烦python基础教程（九）

模块

import 模块

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import 的各种方法

• import time 指 import time 模块，这个模块可以python自带，也可以是自己安装的，比如numpy这些模块需要自己安装。

import time
print(time.localtime())     # 这样就可以直接输出当地时间了

>>> 
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=22, tm_hour=7, tm_min=32, tm_sec=13, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=234, tm_isdst=0)

• 方法二：import time as ，下划线缩写部分可以自己定义，在代码中把time 定义成 t。

import time as t
print(t.localtime())    # 需要前面加t前缀来引出功能

>>> 
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=22, tm_hour=7, tm_min=34, tm_sec=54, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=234, tm_isdst=0)

• 方法三：from time import time, localtime，只import自己想要的功能。

from time import time, localtime
print(localtime())
print(time())

>>> 
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=22, tm_hour=7, tm_min=37, tm_sec=22, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=234, tm_isdst=0)
1534894642.8454053

• 方法四：from time import * 输入模块的所有功能。

from time import *
print(localtime())

>>> 
time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=8, tm_mday=22, tm_hour=7, tm_min=39, tm_sec=1, tm_wday=2, tm_yday=234, tm_isdst=0)

自定义模块

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自建一个模块

• 自定义一个计算五年复利本息的模块，模块写好后保存在默认文件夹：balance.py。

d = float(input('Please enter what is your initial balance:\n'))
p = float(input('Please input what is interest rate(as a number):\n'))
d = float(d + d * (p / 100))
year = 1
while year <= 5:
    d = float(d + d * (p / 100))
    print("Your new balance agter year:", year, "is", d)
    year = year + 1
print('your final year is', d)

调用自己的模块

• 新开一个脚本并import balance。

import balance

>>> 
Please enter what is your initial balance:
50000
Please input what is interest rate(as a number):
2.3
Your new balance agter year: 1 is 52326.45
Your new balance agter year: 2 is 53529.95834999999
Your new balance agter year: 3 is 54761.14739204999
Your new balance agter year: 4 is 56020.653782067144
Your new balance agter year: 5 is 57309.12881905469
your final year is 57309.12881905469